Ann Rehabil Med > Epub ahead of print |
|
Conceptualization: Kotajima F, Hisada T. Formal analysis: Kotajima F. Methodology: Kotajima F, Yatomi M, Hisada T. Project administration: Kotajima F, Yatomi M, Hisada T. Visualization: Kotajima F, Hisada T. Writing – original draft: Kotajima F. Writing – review and editing: Kotajima F, Yatomi M, Hisada T. Approval of the final manuscript: all authors.
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.
OPD, obstructive pulmonary disease; RPD, restrictive pulmonary disease; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; FVC, forced vital capacity; %, percent predicted; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in one second; FEV1/FVC, FEV1 as a percentage of FVC; PEF, peak expiratory flow; V75, FEV in 75%; V50, FEV in 50%; V25, FEV in 25%.
Coughing M | PCF value (L/min) |
p-valuea) |
Cohen’s d |
Effect size r |
||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M2 | M3 | M4 | M2 | M3 | M4 | M2 | M3 | M4 | ||
Normal | ||||||||||
M1 | 476.34±102.05 | 0.121 | <0.999 | 0.002** | 0.19 | 0.12 | 0.39 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.19 |
M2 | 454.62±116.60 | - | 0.532 | 0.755 | - | 0.07 | 0.14 | - | 0.03 | 0.07 |
M3 | 463.44±107.14 | - | - | 0.015* | - | - | 0.31 | - | - | 0.15 |
M4 | 429.54±116.83 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
OPD | ||||||||||
M1 | 327.42±154.73 | 0.074 | 0.485 | 0.020* | 0.28 | 0.16 | 0.31 | 0.14 | 0.08 | 0.15 |
M2 | 287.58±124.54 | - | <0.999 | <0.999 | - | 0.08 | 0.05 | - | 0.04 | 0.02 |
M3 | 300.48±166.80 | - | - | <0.999 | - | - | 0.12 | - | - | 0.06 |
M4 | 279.48±141.10 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
RPD | ||||||||||
M1 | 381.96±145.31 | 0.582 | 0.325 | 0.002** | 0.25 | 0.18 | 0.60 | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.28 |
M2 | 345.72±139.32 | - | <0.999 | 0.093 | - | 0.05 | 0.34 | - | 0.02 | 0.16 |
M3 | 354.60±157.36 | - | - | 0.047* | - | - | 0.37 | - | - | 0.18 |
M4 | 296.94±137.49 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Coughing M | PIF value (L/min) |
p-valuea) |
||
---|---|---|---|---|
M2 | M3 | M4 | ||
Normal | ||||
M1 | 264.42±169.66 | <0.999 | 0.031* | 0.026* |
M2 | 305.64±109.73 | - | <0.001** | <0.001** |
M3 | 50.28±15.35 | - | - | <0.999 |
M4 | 51.54±23.27 | - | - | - |
OPD | ||||
M1 | 225.60±82.50 | <0.999 | 0.001** | 0.002** |
M2 | 223.02±87.00 | - | 0.004** | 0.004** |
M3 | 88.62±42.33 | - | - | <0.999 |
M4 | 86.64±41.65 | - | - | - |
RPD | ||||
M1 | 185.82±86.90 | <0.999 | 0.004** | 0.006** |
M2 | 182.46±82.95 | - | 0.006** | 0.006** |
M3 | 66.84±37.83 | - | - | <0.999 |
M4 | 57.78±28.60 | - | - | - |