Objective
To systematically translate the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) into a Korean version of the FMA (K-FMA).
Methods
We translated the original FMA into the Korean version with three translators and a translation committee, which included physiatrists, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. Based on a test-retest method, each of 31 patients with stroke was assessed by two evaluators twice, once on recruitment, and again after a week. Analysis of intra- and inter-rater reliabilities was performed using the intra-class correlation coefficient, whereas validity was analysed using Pearson correlation test along with the Motricity Index (MI), Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), and Berg Balance Scale (BBS).
Results
The intra- and inter-rater reliabilities were significant for the total score, and good to excellent reliability was noted in all domains except for the joint range of motion of the lower extremity domain of the K-FMA. The MI and MAS scores were significantly correlated with all domains, all with p<0.01. The results for the MI ranged from r=0.639 to r=0.891 and those for the MAS from r=0.339 to r=0.555. However, the BBS was not significantly correlated with any domain, as the K-FMA lacks balance evaluation items.
Conclusion
The K-FMA was found to have high reliability and validity. Additionally, the newly developed manual for the K-FMA may help minimise errors that can occur during evaluation and improve the reliability of motor function evaluation.

Citations

• Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper extremity in stroke: A pyschometric systematic review
  Pablo de Blas-Zamorano, Pedro Montagut-Martínez, David Pérez-Cruzado, Jose-Antonio Merchan-Baeza
  Journal of Hand Therapy.2026; 39(1): 22.     CrossRef
• Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and clinimetric evaluation of the lower extremity Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA-LE) in Persian speaking stroke patients
  Zahra Hassani, Elham Loni, Markus Melloh, Hamid Reza Mokhtarinia
  Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.2026; 33(1): 60.     CrossRef
• Development and psychometric evaluation of an integrative Manual Muscle Test for patients with post-stroke hemiplegia
  Linyu CHEN, Yajing YANG, Sijie CHEN, Yingying CHEN, Jue LIN, Yichao ZHAO, Hongsheng FENG, Jingyu YAO, Xia SHEN
  European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Standardized International Manual of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Function After Stroke
  Julie Hervé-Colas, Sarah P. Newton, Stefan T. Engelter, Kathryn S. Hayward, Jeremia P.O. Held, Nadine Intering, Gert Kwakkel, Johannes Pohl, Darcy S. Reisman, Anne Schwarz, Katharina S. Sunnerhagen, Janne Marieke Veerbeek, Karin Wiesner, Sarah B. Zandvlie
  Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair.2026; 40(4): 306.     CrossRef
• Comparative effects of resistance- and assistance-based robot training on brain activation and motor recovery in stroke patients
  Il-Ho Kwon, Won-Seob Shin
  Frontiers in Neurology.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Efficacy of brain-computer interface training with motor imagery-contingent feedback in improving upper limb function and neuroplasticity among persons with chronic stroke: a double-blinded, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial
  Myeong Sun Kim, Hyunju Park, Ilho Kwon, Kwang-Ok An, Hayeon Kim, Gyulee Park, Wooseok Hyung, Chang-Hwan Im, Joon-Ho Shin
  Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Additional Effects of Facilitatory Cerebellar Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Inhibitory Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation over the Unaffected Contralesional Primary Motor Cortex for Motor Recovery in Subacute Ischemic Stroke Pa
  Sungwon Kim, Ho Seok Lee, Heegoo Kim, Dae Hyun Kim, Won Hyuk Chang
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(7): 2315.     CrossRef
• Korean Version of the Confidence of Arm and Hand Movement Scale and Its Psychometric Properties
  Hanna Kim, Yeajin Ham, Joon-Ho Shin
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2025; 49(2): 104.     CrossRef
• The Czech Fugl–Meyer assessment for post-stroke sensorimotor function: translation and cross-cultural adaptation and validation
  Barbora Kolářová, Petra Gaul-Aláčová, Nicole Musilová, Anna Majerová, Margit Alt Murphy
  Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2025; 57: jrm43010.     CrossRef
• Prediction of the functional outcome of intensive inpatient rehabilitation after stroke using machine learning methods
  Silvia Campagnini, Alessandro Sodero, Marco Baccini, Bahia Hakiki, Antonello Grippo, Claudio Macchi, Andrea Mannini, Francesca Cecchi
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Medicine in novel technology and devices quantitative study and evaluation of ankle joint motor-cognitive dual-task post-stroke using eye-tracking technology
  Yutong Feng, Hongbei Meng, Zihe Zhao, Xiaomeng Wang, Xiaoxue Zhai, Yansong Hu, Guanyu Wang, Bo Peng, Wenyu Yang, Xuemeng Li, Wenxin Tao, Shuo Gao, Yu Pan
  Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices.2025; 27: 100387.     CrossRef
• Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the japanese translation of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment for upper and lower extremity sensorimotor function after stroke
  Yukitaka Tomoda, Toru Nagao, Tomoko Uchida, Hiroki Sato, Masatoshi Oonishi, Takayuki Okamoto, Maya Tajitsu, Margit Alt Murphy
  Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine.2025; 57: jrm43350.     CrossRef
• Resistive versus active assisted robotic training for the upper limb after a stroke: A randomized controlled study
  Sun Young Jeon, Myung Ki, Joon-Ho Shin
  Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 67(1): 101789.     CrossRef
• Validity and reliability of selective control of upper extremity scale (SCUES) in patients with chronic stroke
  Didem Boz Sönmez, Esra Giray, Arzu Atıcı, Özge Gülsüm Illeez, Pınar Akpınar, Feyza Ünlü Özkan, Ilknur Aktaş
  Disability and Rehabilitation.2024; 46(20): 4813.     CrossRef
• Rehabilitative effects of Baduanjin in Chinese stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Xi Cheng, Yanling Gao, Xiaofeng Chen, Jinhua Lu, Qingyue Dai, Jinghui Lai
  Preventive Medicine Reports.2024; 41: 102703.     CrossRef
• Effect of Hwanggigyejiomul-tang on Postoperative Breast Cancer-related Lymphedema (BCRL): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  Yeong-seo Lee, Ye-seul Kim, Young-kyun Kim, Kyoung-min Kim
  The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2024; 45(1): 31.     CrossRef
• Effects of high-intensity interval robot-assisted gait training on cardiopulmonary function and walking ability in chronic stroke survivors: A multicenter single-blind randomized controlled trial
  Junghwa Do, Woo-Taek Lim, Dae Yul Kim, Eun Jae Ko, Myoung-Hwan Ko, Geon Woo Kim, Ji Hye Kim, SooBin Kim, Hwal Kim
  Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation.2024; 37(5): 1309.     CrossRef
• No Additional Effects of Sequential Facilitatory Cerebral and Cerebellar rTMS in Subacute Stroke Patients
  Ho Seok Lee, Sungwon Kim, Heegoo Kim, Seung-min Baik, Dae Hyun Kim, Won Hyuk Chang
  Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(7): 687.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of mixed reality-based rehabilitation on hands and fingers by individual finger-movement tracking in patients with stroke
  Yeajin Ham, Dong-Seok Yang, Younggeun Choi, Joon-Ho Shin
  Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Research trends and hotspots of post-stroke upper limb dysfunction: a bibliometric and visualization analysis
  Qingqing Tang, Xinyue Yang, Mengmeng Sun, Min He, Ren Sa, Kaiqiang Zhang, Bing Zhu, Tie Li
  Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Protocol for a single-blind randomized controlled clinical trial to investigate the feasibility and safety of in-bed self-exercises based on electromyography sensor feedback in patients with subacute stroke
  Jung Hyun Kim, Byung-Mo Oh, Han Gil Seo, Sung Eun Hyun, Jong tae Han, Dae hee Kang, Woo Hyung Lee, Mehrnaz Kajbafvala
  PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0310178.     CrossRef
• Efficiency and usability of a modified pegboard incorporating computerized technology for upper limb rehabilitation in patients with stroke
  Yeajin Ham, Joon-Ho Shin
  Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation.2023; 30(4): 333.     CrossRef
• Intra- and inter-rater reliability of the Italian Fugl-Meyer assessment of upper and lower extremity
  Ines Hochleitner, Leonardo Pellicciari, Chiara Castagnoli, Anita Paperini, Angela Maria Politi, Silvia Campagnini, Silvia Pancani, Benedetta Basagni, Filippo Gerli, Maria Chiara Carrozza, Claudio Macchi, Margit Alt Murphy, Francesca Cecchi
  Disability and Rehabilitation.2023; 45(18): 2989.     CrossRef
• Correlation of the Fugl Meyer assessment, Motricity Index and Barthel Index scales in the assessment of rehabilitation in post-stroke patients
  Duong Thi Huong Nguyen, Dieu Thuong Thi Trinh
  MedPharmRes.2023; 7(4): 1.     CrossRef
• Motor and cognitive function according to level of physical activity in stroke patients
  Jeong Ja Kim, Jong Won Lee
  The Journal of Korean Academy of Physical Therapy Science.2023; 30(4): 29.     CrossRef
• Urdu translation and cross-cultural validation of the Fugl-Meyer assessment in people with stroke
  Mehwish Ikram, Syed Shakil ur Rehman, Katharina S. Sunnerhagen, Margit Alt Murphy
  Disability and Rehabilitation.2022; 44(25): 8048.     CrossRef
• Assessment of Lower Limb Motor Function, Ambulation, and Balance After Stroke
  Yeun Jie Yoo, Seong Hoon Lim
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Assessment of Upper Extremity Function in People With Stroke Based on the Framework of the ICF: A Narrative Review
  Hanna Kim, Joon-Ho Shin
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• European evidence-based recommendations for clinical assessment of upper limb in neurorehabilitation (CAULIN): data synthesis from systematic reviews, clinical practice guidelines and expert consensus
  Gerdienke B. Prange-Lasonder, Margit Alt Murphy, Ilse Lamers, Ann-Marie Hughes, Jaap H. Buurke, Peter Feys, Thierry Keller, Verena Klamroth-Marganska, Ina M. Tarkka, Annick Timmermans, Jane H. Burridge
  Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To translate the Stroke Rehabilitation Motivation Scale (SRMS), developed to evaluate the motivation level of stroke patients during rehabilitation, into the Korean language and to verify the reliability and validity of the Korean version of SRMS (K-SRMS).
Methods
The K-SRMS was developed following a structured process that included translation, verification, compromise assessment, reverse translation, feedback, and final correction. K-SRMS reliability was evaluated by performing internal consistency and test–retest analyses. The reliability test was conducted in 50 stroke patients. Its validity was assessed by comparing the K-SRMS with the scale and performing exploratory factor analysis. The validity test was conducted in 102 stroke patients.
Results
The test–retest analysis showed good reliability, and the internal consistency of the K-SRMS was similar to that of the original version for all, except 4, items. Thus, these 4 items were excluded, and then the validity test was conducted. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the K-SRMS score was significantly correlated with the BAS total score (Pearson r=0.207, p<0.05). In the exploratory factor analysis, K-SRMS items were categorized into 7 groups (factors), and factors 1 and 4 showed mutual concordance with K-SRMS subscales, including intrinsic motivation factors and amotivation, respectively.
Conclusion
The newly developed K-SRMS showed good reliability and validity. It could also be used as a tool to objectify the degree of motivation for rehabilitation among stroke patients in clinical care and research.

Citations

• Fun and games: a scoping review of enjoyment and intensity assessment in studies of game-based interventions for gait rehabilitation in neurological disorders
  Laura Duval, Marie-Claire Smith, Stacey A. Reading, Winston D. Byblow, Cathy M. Stinear
  Disability and Rehabilitation.2025; 47(8): 1893.     CrossRef
• Cross Cultural Adaptation and Validation of Kannada Version of the Motivation in Stroke Patients for Rehabilitation Scale in Hospitalized Stroke Patients
  Reema D’Souza, Purusotham Chippala
  Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU.2025; 15: 296.     CrossRef
• Brain-computer interface on wrist training with or without neurofeedback in subacute stroke: a study protocol for a double-blinded, randomized control pilot trial
  Myeong Sun Kim, Hyunju Park, Ilho Kwon, Kwang-Ok An, Joon-Ho Shin
  Frontiers in Neurology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Motivation as a Measurable Outcome in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review of the Literature
  Giulio Verrienti, Cecilia Raccagni, Ginevra Lombardozzi, Daniela De Bartolo, Marco Iosa
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(5): 4187.     CrossRef
• Interactive Videogame Improved Rehabilitation Motivation and Walking Speed in Chronic Stroke Patients: A Dual-Center Controlled Trial
  Daegyun Lee, Youngsook Bae
  Games for Health Journal.2022; 11(4): 268.     CrossRef
• Mediating Effects of Rehabilitation Motivation between Social Support and Health-Related Quality of Life among Patients with Stroke
  Yaeram Lee, Mihwa Won
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(22): 15274.     CrossRef
• The Korean Version of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment: Reliability and Validity Evaluation
  Tae-lim Kim, Sung Hwan Hwang, Wang Jae Lee, Jae Woong Hwang, Inyong Cho, Eun-Hye Kim, Jung Ah Lee, Yujin Choi, Jin Ho Park, Joon-Ho Shin
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2021; 45(2): 83.     CrossRef
• Effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy on Gait Performance, Respiratory Function, and Psychological Variables in Patients Post-Stroke
  Ho-Jung An, Shin-Jun Park
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2021; 18(11): 5818.     CrossRef

Objective
To elucidate the effect of task-specific lower extremity training (TSLET) on cognitive and gait function in stroke patients.
Methods
Thirty-eight patients were assigned to either the TSLET group or the control group. The individuals of TSLET group went through a TSLET plus conventional physical therapy. The control group received two sessions of conventional physical therapy. The primary outcome involved the assessment with visual and auditory digit span test. The secondary outcome was evaluated by the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE) and Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) for cognitive function, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Time Up and Go Test (TUG), 10 meters Walking Test (10mWT), 6 minutes Walking Test (6MWT), and Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) for gait, balance, and functional ability.
Results
After intervention (3 weeks) and 2 weeks of follow-up, the TSLET group showed statistically significant improvement in the visual digit span test backwards compared with the control group. In secondary outcome, a significant improvement was observed in GDS, BBS, TUG, and 10mWT in the TSLET group. There was no significant difference between the two groups concerning visual digit span test forward, auditory forward and backward digit span tests, K-MMSE, 6MWT, and K-MBI.
Conclusion
TSLET could be a useful alternative strategy for improving cognitive and gait function in stroke patients.

Citations

• The impact of different exercises on the short-distance activity capacity of stroke patients: a network meta-analysis
  Huan Niu, Zhikai Qin, Jiajun Lan, Renyi Liu, Shuya Chen, Junsheng Wang
  Journal of Public Health.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Psychometric properties of the STEP (step–tibia–events–phases) test: an instrument for assessing gait performance in individuals with stroke
  Youngkeun Woo, Hyesun Hwang, Sanghyun Moon, Sujin Hwang
  Physiotherapy Theory and Practice.2026; : 1.     CrossRef
• Comparative Efficacy of Exercise Modalities for Motor Function Recovery After Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis
  Ziyang Yu, Shuaiwang Huang, Xiyang Peng
  Life.2026; 16(8): 1240.     CrossRef
• Rehabilitation interventions for cognitive deficits in stroke survivors: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
  Anas R. Alashram, Giuseppe Annino, Elvira Padua
  Applied Neuropsychology: Adult.2025; 32(1): 262.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of balance training using the balance pro (SBT-330) device in patients with reduced balance ability following a stroke: Randomized controlled trial
  Jung-Lim Lee, Ji Hong Min, Sung-Hwa Ko, Hyunji Hwang, Ji Soo Baik, In Jae Park, Yeon Chul Lee, Jong Hwa Shin, Ki Jin Hwang, Chul Hyun Kim, Yong-Il Shin
  Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies.2025; 42: 381.     CrossRef
• Design, development, and validation of a non-backdrivable active ankle-foot orthosis for the TWIN lower-limb exoskeleton
  Raffaele Giannattasio, Nicolò Boccardo, Riccardo Vaccaro, Heeral Bhatt, Stefano Maludrottu, Elena De Momi, Matteo Laffranchi
  Frontiers in Robotics and AI.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of Different Exercises on the Gait Ability of Stroke Patients: A Network Meta-Analysis
  Yuxin He, Zhikai Qin, Huan Niu, Fei Gao, Qing Liu, Jialong Bu, Junsheng Wang
  Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics.2025; 48(6-9): 631.     CrossRef
• Inclusion of People With Aphasia in Stroke Trials: A Systematic Search and Review
  Ciara Shiggins, Brooke Ryan, Farhana Dewan, Julie Bernhardt, Robyn O'Halloran, Emma Power, Richard I. Lindley, Gordon McGurk, Miranda L. Rose
  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2024; 105(3): 580.     CrossRef
• Therapeutic Effects of a Newly Developed 3D Magnetic Finger Rehabilitation Device in Subacute Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study
  Sung-Hoon Kim, Dong-Min Ji, Chan-Yong Kim, Sung-Bok Choi, Min-Cheol Joo, Min-Su Kim
  Brain Sciences.2022; 12(1): 113.     CrossRef
• Effects of Action Observation Training Combied with Auditory Cueing on Gait Ability in Patients with Stroke: a Preliminary Pilot Study
  Hyeong-Min Kim, Sung-Min Son, Yu-Min Ko
  The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy.2022; 34(3): 98.     CrossRef
• Engagement in rehabilitation therapy and functional outcomes among individuals with acquired brain injuries
  Michael W. Williams, Lisa J. Rapport, Robin A. Hanks, Hillary A. Parker
  Disability and Rehabilitation.2021; 43(1): 33.     CrossRef
• Therapeutic Efficacy of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation Acupoints on Motor and Neural Recovery of the Affected Upper Extremity in Chronic Stroke: A Sham-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial
  Reem M. Alwhaibi, Noha F. Mahmoud, Hoda M. Zakaria, Walaa M. Ragab, Nisreen N. Al Awaji, Mahmoud Y. Elzanaty, Hager R. Elserougy
  Healthcare.2021; 9(5): 614.     CrossRef
• Poststroke cognitive impairment and the possibility of its nonpharmacological treatment with vestibular stimulation based on biological feedback to supporting reaction
  S. V. Kotov, E. V. Isakova, E. V. Zaitseva
  Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova.2020; 120(3): 16.     CrossRef

Objective
To investigate the post-stroke rehabilitation status according to stroke severity using the database of the Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.
Methods
The data of patients admitted to the neurology departments of 12 hospitals within 7 days of onset of ischemic stroke were collected. A total of 2,895 patients hospitalized between November 2010 and December 2011 were included. The patients were classified into three groups according to their initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores (mild, ≤5; moderate, >5 and ≤13; and severe, >13). Length of hospital stay (LoS) with rehabilitation, NIHSS score after acute care, and scores on modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were examined at 1 year post-stroke according to stroke severity and ongoing rehabilitation.
Results
The total LoS for ongoing rehabilitation significantly increased with stroke severity (mild, 91.66±149.70; moderate, 197.26±241.93; severe, 263.50±275.75 days; p<0.01). However, the proportion of LoS with ongoing rehabilitation to the total LoS tended to decline with increasing stroke severity (mild, 77.93±29.50, p<0.01; moderate, 71.83±32.13; severe, 62.29±37.19). The home discharge rate of the group that underwent continuous inpatient rehabilitation was significantly higher in patients with moderate and severe stroke, respectively (14.2% vs. 0.0%, p<0.001; 7.4% vs. 0.0%, p=0.032).
Conclusion
This study showed that intermittent rehabilitation was often provided after acute care, whereas ongoing rehabilitation positively affected rate of home discharge in patients with moderate and severe stroke in Korea. These results represent evidence for improving the healthcare system to promote adequate rehabilitation in the future.

Citations

• Predictors of Burden for First-Ever Stroke Survivor’s Long-Term Caregivers: A Study of KOSCO
  Jin-Won Lee, Min Kyun Sohn, Jongmin Lee, Deog Young Kim, Yong-Il Shin, Gyung-Jae Oh, Yang-Soo Lee, Min Cheol Joo, So Young Lee, Junhee Han, Jeonghoon Ahn, Yun-Hee Kim, Min-Keun Song, Won Hyuk Chang
  Medicina.2024; 60(4): 559.     CrossRef
• Toward clearer recognition and easier usefulness: development of a cross-lingual atherosclerotic cerebrovascular disease ontology
  Hetong Ma, Liu Shen, Jiayang Wang, Shilong Wang, Min Wang, Meng Wang, Zixiao Li, Jiao Li
  Database.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effect of the Frequency of Rehabilitation Treatments on the Long-Term Mortality of Stroke Survivors with Mild-to-Moderate Disabilities under the Korean National Health Insurance Service System
  Dougho Park, Kang Ju Son, Jong Hun Kim, Hyoung Seop Kim
  Healthcare.2023; 11(11): 1587.     CrossRef
• Over- and under-supply of inpatient rehabilitation after stroke without a post-acute rehabilitation system: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
  Suk Won Bae, Junhyun Kwon, Hyung-Ik Shin
  Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Stroke Rehabilitation Fact Sheet in Korea
  Se Hee Jung
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2022; 46(1): 1.     CrossRef
• Causes and Trends of Disabilities in Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors: A Population-Based Study
  Yeon Woo Ju, Jung Soo Lee, Young-Ah Choi, Yeo Hyung Kim
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Determining the Optimal Administration Conditions under Which MIF Exerts Neuroprotective Effects by Inducing BDNF Expression and Inhibiting Apoptosis in an In Vitro Stroke Model
  Chul Jung, Mi Hee Kim, Ye Yeong Kim, Ji Ae Kim, Eun Jae Ko, Seung Hak Lee, Dae Yul Kim
  Brain Sciences.2021; 11(2): 280.     CrossRef
• Korean Model for Post-acute Comprehensive rehabilitation (KOMPACT): The Study Protocol for a Pragmatic Multicenter Randomized Controlled Study on Early Supported Discharge
  Won Kee Chang, Won-Seok Kim, Min Kyun Sohn, Sungju Jee, Yong-Il Shin, Sung-Hwa Ko, Minsu Ock, Hyun Joo Kim, Nam-Jong Paik
  Frontiers in Neurology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Does Hip Bone Density Differ between Paretic and Non-Paretic Sides in Hemiplegic Stroke Patients? and Its Relationship with Physical Impairment
  Hoo Young Lee, Jung Hyun Park, Hyanglim Lee, Tae-Woo Kim, Seung Don Yoo
  Journal of Bone Metabolism.2020; 27(4): 237.     CrossRef

Citations

• Bilateral Prefrontal Cortex Activation During Sensorimotor Tasks in People with Subacute Stroke – An Exploratory Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Study
  Siying Luan, Laura K Fitzgibbin-Colllins, Sarthak Kohli, Nathan Durand, Susan Hunter, Jamie L Fleet, Ricardo Viana, Robert Teasell, Sue Peters
  NeuroRehabilitation.2025; 57(3): 339.     CrossRef
• Gait analysis in patients with cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage walking with a body weight-supported walker
  Hiroo Koshisaki, Shigeo Tanabe, Shota Nagai, Kenji Kawakami, Hiroaki Sakurai
  NeuroRehabilitation: An International, Interdisciplinary Journal.2024; 55(4): 468.     CrossRef
• Motion path planning of soccer training auxiliary robot based on genetic algorithm in fixed-point rotation environment
  Hui Ding
  Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing.2020; 11(12): 6261.     CrossRef
• The impact of availability and identity of the caregiver on the post-stroke patient
  Dor Vadas, Leonid Kalichman
  International Journal of Therapy and Rehabilitation.2020; 27(6): 1.     CrossRef

Objective
To examine the relationship of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) in stroke patients. Method: Ninety-two subjects with the first attack of stroke were enrolled to assess BBS, FIM at admission and discharge following rehabilitation programs. We divided subjects into three groups by severity of BBS at the first evaluation. Group I was low BBS (score≤12), Group II was medium BBS (13≤score≤42), and group III was high BBS (score≥43). The admission BBS and the admission FIM, and the admission BBS and the discharge FIM were compared, and also the relationship between them were assessed at the admission and/or discharge. Results: Admission and discharge BBS of all three groupswere significantly different, respectively (p＜0.01). Admission and discharge FIM of all three groups were also significantly different (p＜0.01). There was highly correlated with admission BBS and admission FIM (r=0.529, p＜0.01), and moderately correlated between admission BBS and discharge FIM (r=0.43, p＜0.05). Also there was high relationship between BBS gain and FIM gain (r=0.516, p＜0.01). Conclusion: These results indicated that balance function could affect functional ability during rehabilitation programs and BBS was a useful tool to predict discharge functional status in hemiplegic subjects with stroke. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2005; 29: 167-170)