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To compare the effect of two different hand exercises on hand strength and vascular maturation in patients who underwent arteriovenous fistula surgery.
We recruited 18 patients who had chronic kidney disease and had undergone arteriovenous fistula surgery for hemodialysis. After the surgery, 10 subjects performed hand-squeezing exercise with GD Grip, and other 8 subjects used Soft Ball. The subjects continued the exercises for 4 weeks. The hand grip strength, pinch strength (tip, palmar and lateral pinch), and forearm circumference of the subjects were assessed before and after the hand-squeezing exercise. The cephalic vein size, blood flow velocity and volume were also measured by ultrasonography in the operated limb.
All of the 3 types of pinch strengths, grip strength, and forearm circumference were significantly increased in the group using GD Grip. Cephalic vein size and blood flow volume were also significantly increased. However, blood flow velocity showed no difference after the exercise. The group using Soft Ball showed a significant increase in the tip and lateral pinch strength and forearm circumference. The cephalic vein size and blood flow volume were also significantly increased. On comparing the effect of the two different hand exercises, hand-squeezing exercise with GD Grip had a significantly better effect on the tip and palmar pinch strength than hand-squeezing exercise with Soft Ball. The effect on cephalic vein size was not significantly different between the two groups.
The results showed that hand squeezing exercise with GD Grip was more effective in increasing the tip and palmar pinch strength compared to hand squeezing exercise with soft ball.
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Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare muscle strength, endurance and the change of myosin heavy chain isoform after sprint training(ST) and heavy resistance training(HRT).
Method: Fourteen young athletes were enrolled and were randomly assigned into each training group. Before and after training for 8 weeks, the strength and the endurance were evaluated using isokinetic exercise system(Cybex 6000). The specimens of muscle biopsy were obtained from vastus lateralis muscle and were analysed for muscle fiber type using one dimensional electrophoresis.
Results: Peak torque, total work and mean power were increased significantly in both groups, but endurance ratio increased only in the sprint training group(P＜0.05).
The proportions of myosin heavy chain(MHC) IIa fibers were increased in both groups and those of MHC IIb fibers were decreased in both groups(P＜0.05). MHC I fibers were significantly increased in ST group, but decresed in HRT group(P＞0.05).
Conclusion: This study shows that it is possible to increase muscle strength and to achieve fiber type transformation with the sprint training and the high resistance training.
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