Citations
To evaluate the changes in static and dynamic postural control after the development of acute low back pain.
Thirty healthy right-handed volunteers were divided into three groups; the right back pain group, the left back pain group, and the control group. 0.5 mL of 5% hypertonic saline was injected into L4-5 paraspinal muscle for 5 seconds to cause muscle pain. The movement of the center of gravity (COG) during their static and dynamic postural control was measured with their eyes open and with their eyes closed before and 2 minutes after the injection.
The COGs for the healthy adults shifted to the right quadrant and the posterior quadrant during their static and dynamic postural control test (p<0.05). The static and dynamic instability index while they had their eyes closed was significantly increased than when they had their eyes open with and without acute back pain. After pain induction, their overall and anterior/posterior instability was increased in both the right back pain group and the left back pain group during the static postural control test (p<0.05). A right deviation and a posterior deviation of the COG still remained, and the posterior deviation was greater in the right back pain group (p<0.05).
The static instability, particularly the anterior/posterior instability was increased in the presence of acute low back pain, regardless of the visual information and the location of pain.
Citations
To assess the effect of dominant and non-dominant vision in controlling posture in quiet stance.
Twenty-five healthy elderly subjects aged over 60 years old and twenty-five young subjects aged under 30 years old were assessed by computerized dynamic posturography. Postural stability was measured in two conditions; dominant eye open and non-dominant eye open. We used the sensory organization test (SOT) for evaluating sensory impairment. A SOT assessed the subject's ability to use and integrate somatosensory input, vision, and vestibular cues effectively to maintain balance. The SOT was conducted 3 times, and the average value of the 3 trials was used for data analysis. Equilibrium scores reflected the subject's anteroposterior sway. The highest possible score was 100, which indicated that the subject did not sway at all, and a score of 0 indicated a fall from the footplate. Determination of ocular dominance was performed by a hole-in-the card test.
For the twenty-five young subjects in this study, equilibrium score in two conditions did not differ. However, for elderly subjects over 60 years, the equilibrium score in dominant vision was higher than in nondominant vision (p<0.05).
In young subjects, there were no significant differences in postural control between dominant vision and non-dominant vision. However, in elderly subjects, postural control in non-dominant vision was significantly impaired. Therefore, the evaluation of a dominant eye should be considered in rehabilitation programs for elderly people.
Citations
Objective: To determine the posturographic characteristics of the stroke patients due to various brain lesions.
Method: Stroke patients capable of standing without assistive devices were included. Patients were divided into three groups according to the lesion distribution: cerebral; brain stem; cerebellar. Quantitative computerized posturographic studies were performed to determine the subject's response to sensory (sensory organization test, SOT) and motor translations (motor control test, MCT).
Results: Equilibrium scores of 4th (EQ4), 5th (EQ5) and 6th (EQ6) conditions and visual (VIS) and vestibular (VEST) ratio of SOT were significantly lower in brainstem and cerebellar lesion groups in comparison with normal population. In addition, prolonged latencies for medium and large backward and forward translations were noticed in the brainstem lesion group. However, there was no significant difference between cerebral lesion group and normal population. According to the lesion distribution, cerebellar group showed increased incidence of abnormalities of EQ4 score. Brainstem group showed increased incidence of abnormalities in EQ5, EQ6 score, VEST ratio and prolonged latency for large forward translation.
Conclusion: We found that posturography revealed characteristic appearances according to the various brain lesions, especially in cerebellum and brainstem stroke patients.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the balance training effects of balance system in hemiplegic stroke patients.
Method: The study consisted of 14 male and 6 female hemiplegic patients, aged 48 to 70 years, time postattack ranged from 6 to 17 months. Balance training was done by conventional method (control group) and using balance system (Chattanooga Group, Inc., training group) and the effect were evaluated by balance system.
Results: Body sway index and moving target accuracy rate were not significantly different between training group and control group before training, but were significantly different after training. Training group showed significantly decreased sway index and increased moving target accuracy rate at four weeks after training compared to the status before training.
Conclusion: The hemiplegic patients trained by balance system showed significantly improved static and dynamic postural balance control. Therefore, the balance system is considered to be a valuable training modalitiy for the hemiplegic patients.
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