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"Muscle stretching exercises"

Original Articles
Effects of Strengthening and Stretching Exercises on the Temporospatial Gait Parameters in Patients With Plantar Fasciitis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Suthasinee Thong-On, Sunee Bovonsunthonchai, Roongtiwa Vachalathiti, Warinda Intiravoranont, Sarawut Suwannarat, Richard Smith
Ann Rehabil Med 2019;43(6):662-676.   Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2019.43.6.662
Objective
To investigate the effects of physical therapy interventions using strengthening and stretching exercise programs on pain and temporospatial gait parameters in patients with plantar fasciitis (PF).
Methods
Eighty-four patients with PF participated in the study and were randomly assigned to the strengthening or stretching exercise groups. All patients received 8 physical therapy interventions two times per week in the first 4 weeks and performed daily strengthening or stretching exercises three times per day. After 4 weeks, they continued the assigned exercise programs every day for 8 weeks. Pain visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at the worst and in the morning and temporospatial gait parameters were evaluated at the baseline, intermediate of the intervention, end of the intervention, and the first and second month follow-up.
Results
There were significant effects of the time on the worst pain, morning pain, cadence, stride time, stride length, total double support, and gait speed, but there was no effect on step width. In addition, the main effect of the group and the interaction effects of the time and the group were not found in any parameters. For intra-group comparisons, there were significant differences in worst pain, morning pain, cadence, and stride time among the assessment times in both groups. For inter-group comparisons, there were no significant differences in all parameters.
Conclusion
Both strengthening and stretching exercise programs significantly reduced pain and improved gait in patients with PF.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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  • The relationship between clinical outcomes and gait biomechanics in individuals with plantar fasciitis
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  • The effect of multimodal rehabilitation program on pain, functional outcomes, and plantar fascia thickness in patients with plantar fasciitis: a randomized controlled trial
    Mohamed Ramadan Ibraheem, Mohamed Ashraf Abd El-Moneim, Mona Mohamed Ibrahim
    BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders.2026;[Epub]     CrossRef
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  • Effects of therapeutic interventions on pain due to plantar fasciitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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  • Effects of stretching exercises on human gait: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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  • 19,731 View
  • 574 Download
  • 34 Web of Science
  • 39 Crossref
Effects of Plantar Flexor Muscle Static Stretching Alone and Combined With Massage on Postural Balance
Ladan Hemmati, Zahra Rojhani-Shirazi, Samaneh Ebrahimi
Ann Rehabil Med 2016;40(5):845-850.   Published online October 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2016.40.5.845
Objective

To evaluate and compare the effects of stretching and combined therapy (stretching and massage) on postural balance in people aged 50 to 65 years.

Methods

Twenty-three subjects participated in this nonrandomized clinical trial study. Each participant randomly received plantar flexor muscle stretching (3 cycles of 45 seconds with a 30-second recovery period between cycles) alone and in combination with deep stroking massage (an interval of at least 30 minutes separated the two interventions). The data were recorded with a force platform immediately after each condition with eyes open and closed. The center of pressure displacement and velocity along the mediolateral and anteroposterior axes were calculated under each condition. The data were analyzed with multiple-pair t-tests.

Results

The center of pressure displacement and velocity along the mediolateral axis increased after both stretching and the combined intervention. There were significant differences in both values between participants in the stretching and combined interventions (p<0.05).

Conclusion

Plantar flexor muscle stretching (for 45 seconds) combined with deep stroking massage may have more detrimental effects on postural balance than stretching alone because each intervention can intensify the effects of the other.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • An Exploratory Comparative Study of the Influence of Thai Massage on Postural Stability in Children with Overweight and Obesity
    Supapon Kaewsanmung, Vitsarut Buttagat, Ampha Pumpho, Phannarin Suwannarat, Petcharat Keawduangdee, Narongsak Khamnon, Niroat Chartpot
    International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2026; 23(1): 77.     CrossRef
  • Characteristics of standing postural sway without vision depend on the action and duration of stretched ankle muscles
    Taylor M. Gauss, Rhys M. Lormand, Matthew A. Yeomans, Julio B. Morales, Cédrick T. Bonnet, Jan M. Hondzinski
    Gait & Posture.2025; 121: 209.     CrossRef
  • Acute Effects of Static Stretching Duration on a Single-Leg Balance Task
    Takamasa Mizuno
    Sports.2025; 13(6): 188.     CrossRef
  • The effect of percussion and manual activation massage on explosive strength and balance in young adult males: A crossover pilot study
    Peter Bartík, Martin Pacholek
    Heliyon.2024; 10(20): e39619.     CrossRef
  • The effect of two different stretching exercises on the muscle tendon unit and range of motion
    Mustafa Kaya, Erkan Gokce, Funda Demirturk
    Isokinetics and Exercise Science.2023; 31(1): 65.     CrossRef
  • The Effects of Self-Myofascial Release on Hamstring and Gastrocnemius Muscles Using Foam Roll on Postural Sway, Knee Proprioception, and Dynamic Balance in Recreationally Active Females
    Mahdis Dadfar, Foad Seidi
    International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training.2022; 27(5): 227.     CrossRef
  • Positional transversal release is effective as stretching on range of movement, performance and balance: a cross-over study
    Ewan Thomas, Salvatore Ficarra, Antonino Scardina, Marianna Bellafiore, Antonio Palma, Nemanja Maksimovic, Patrik Drid, Antonino Bianco
    BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Plantar flexor muscle stretching depresses the soleus late response but not tendon tap reflexes
    Timothy S. Pulverenti, Gabriel S. Trajano, Benjamin J. C. Kirk, Vanesa Bochkezanian, Anthony J. Blazevich
    European Journal of Neuroscience.2021; 53(9): 3185.     CrossRef
  • Effects of Stretching on Injury Risk Reduction and Balance
    David G. Behm, Anthony D. Kay, Gabriel S. Trajano, Shahab Alizadeh, Anthony J. Blazevich
    Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology.2021; 10(3): 106.     CrossRef
  • Passive stretching decreases muscle efficiency in balance tasks
    Giuseppe Coratella, Stefano Longo, Susanna Rampichini, Christian Doria, Marta Borrelli, Eloisa Limonta, Giovanni Michielon, Emiliano Cè, Fabio Esposito, Kei Masani
    PLOS ONE.2021; 16(9): e0256656.     CrossRef
  • The effects of combined static and dynamic stretching of anti-gravitational muscles on body flexibility and standing balance: A preliminary study of healthy young participants
    Kazuya Takeda, Masanobu Iwai, Shigeo Tanabe, Soichiro Koyama, Yui Hamauzu, Nobuhiro Kumazawa, Hiroaki Sakurai, Yoshikiyo Kanada
    Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies.2020; 24(1): 221.     CrossRef
  • Selective effect of static stretching, concentric contractions, and a balance task on ankle force sense
    Darjan Smajla, Amador García-Ramos, Katja Tomažin, Vojko Strojnik, Riccardo Di Giminiani
    PLOS ONE.2019; 14(1): e0210881.     CrossRef
  • Selective effect of static stretching, concentric contractions, and a one-leg balance task on ankle motion sense in young and older adults
    Darjan Smajla, Amador García-Ramos, Katja Tomazin, Vojko Strojnik
    Gait & Posture.2019; 71: 1.     CrossRef
  • Visually-guided saccades attenuate postural sway under non-fatigued, fatigued, and stretched states
    Matthew A. Yeomans, Arnold G. Nelson, Michael J. MacLellan, Jan M. Hondzinski
    Experimental Brain Research.2018; 236(12): 3351.     CrossRef
  • The effect of a single massage based on the tensegrity principle on postural stability in young women
    Błażej Cieślik, Ireneusz Podsiadły, Michał Kuczyński, Bożena Ostrowska
    Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation.2017; 30(6): 1197.     CrossRef
  • 6,171 View
  • 58 Download
  • 14 Web of Science
  • 15 Crossref
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