To investigate whether four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2293054 [Ile734Ile], rs1047735 [His902His], rs2293044 [Val1353Val], rs2682826 (3'UTR) of nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) are associated with the development and clinical phenotypes of ischemic stroke.
We enrolled 120 ischemic stroke patients and 314 control subjects. Ischemic stroke patients were divided into subgroups according to the scores of the National Institutes of Health Stroke Survey (NIHSS, <6 and ≥6) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI, <60 and ≥60). SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer, and HelixTree programs were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs), 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and p-values. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to analyze genetic data.
No SNPs of the
These results suggest that NOS1 may be related to the clinical phenotypes of ischemic stroke in Korean population.
Citations
Method: The experimental subjects were divided into 3 groups (Group 1: 100 persons; control, Group 2: 100 persons; RA without hand deformity, Group 3: 100 persons; RA with hand deformity). They were assessed with using the Modified Barthel Index (MBI), evaluating the activity of daily living (ADL). A JAMAR Hand DynamometerⰒ, JAMAR Hydraulic Pinch GaugeⰒ (Sammons Preston Rolyan, Ilinois, USA) were used to measure grip and pinch strength. Further assessments included joint deformity counts, and visual analogue scales. Results: The grip and pinch strength significantly decreased in all groups. The total MBI with other groups significantly decreased in RA patients with hand deformity (group 3). The MBI correlated well with visual analogue scales in group 2 and with joint deformity counts in group 3. Conclusion: Hand grip and pinch strength tests would be a useful tool for the evaluation of hand function in rheumatoid arthritis patients. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2008; 32: 200-205)
Method: The subjects comprised 113 patients with cerebral palsy in Holt Ilsan Home. We performed the previous medical history review, the physical examination, and investigated the functional independency with modified Barthel index. Result was compared between over the 20-years-old age group and the younger age group.
Results: Patients in older age group had more contractures of one or more joints in 67.4%, subluxations in 19.0% and dislocations in 8.1%. The modified Barthel index scores of older age group was significantly higher than juvenile group, and significantly lower within mixed type and quadriplegic type group. Patients in older age group with microcephaly were significantly lower than those with hydrocephalus or seizure, and those without microcephaly, hydrocephalus, or seizure were significantly higher.
Conclusion: These results showed that older-aged cerebral palsy in rehabilitation had more musculoskeletal complications and higher functional status than the younger group. The musculoskeletal complication and associated disease like microcephaly significantly affected the activities of daily living. Therefore, a detailed long-term follow-up study with more medical attention is needed. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2003; 27: 845-849)
Method: Retrospective chart review was performed in 561 patients. Among 561 stroke patients, 116 subjects were recruited and classified into two groups: patient group, 43 cases with RSD; control group, 73 cases without RSD. Upper extremity function was assessed based on feeding, dressing and personal hygiene scores of the modified Barthel index at the beginning of rehabilitation treatment and at the time of discharge. Causes of stroke and length of stay were recorded. Median nerve-somatosensory evoked
potential studies were performed and assessed.
Results: The incidence of RSD was 7.7% and the time to development of RSD was 62.3±34.1 days after the onset of stroke. There was no significant difference in functional status between two groups at initial and final evaluation. The upper extremity function had improved in both groups although the length of stay was longer in patient group. SSEP abnormalities were more frequent in the patient group.
Conclusion: The presence of well-managed RSD affected neither the functional status nor the functional recovery of upper extremity in stroke patients. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2003; 27: 480-484)
Method: The subjects were 57 patients with first stroke. Somatosensory evoked potential study was performed at the time of transfer to the rehabilitation department. Data of somatosensory evoked potential with median and tibial nerve stimulations were obtained and classified as normal (group 1), abnormal (group 2), and no response group (group 3). Modified Barthel index (MBI), motor and sensory functions were evaluated at the time of transfer and discharge.
Results: MBI score was statistically different among the 3 groups based on the findings of median and tibial nerve SSEP at the time of transfer, but not different at the time of discharge. Motor function was statistically different among the 3 groups at the time of transfer and discharge. Sensory function was statistically different among the 3 groups at the time of transfer, but not different at the time of discharge.
Conclusion: Even though SSEP study reflects the functional status of the patients and correlates well with the findings of brain image, it has limitation in predicting outcome of the patients with stroke. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2003; 27: 355-360)
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical usefulness of motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in predicting functional motor recovery of acute stroke patients.
Method: Nineteen acute stroke patients were assessed clinically by manual muscle test (MMT) & modified Barthel index (MBI) and SEP & MEP at about 10 days after stroke. Follow up clinical assessments were performed by MMT, MBI & gait evaluation after two months of rehabilitation program.
Results: 1) In the acute phase of stroke, there was a significant relationship between MEP and motor function. 2) The presence of MEPs in hemiparetic upper & lower extremities was correlated with better functional outcome than the absence of MEP in at least one extremity. MEP was better than SEP in predicting functional outcome following acute stroke. 3) The presence of MEP in hemiparetic abductor pollicis brevis muscle was correlated with a better functional improvement, contrarily the absence of MEP in abductor hallucis muscle was correlated with a worse functional outcome.
Conclusion: We concluded that MEP study is a useful assessment tool in predicting functional outcome of acute stroke patient. However, the absence of MEP does not necessarily indicate a poor prognosis. So further study is needed to clarify this controversy.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training on the cardiovascular system in the early stroke patients by bicycle ergometer exercise test.
Method: 16 stroke patients without cardiac disease were randomly assigned to exercise training group (8 patients) and control group (8 patients). The time interval between the onset of stroke and exercise training was within 90 days. Exercise tests by bicycle ergometer using Astrand-Ryhming protocol were performed twice before and after training. Exercise training was consisted with the intensity of 60∼70% of maximal heart rate, 30 minutes per day, 3 times per week for 6 weeks using bicycle ergometer. Modified Barthel Index (MBI) score and blood lipid profile were recorded before and during training. Blood pressure and heart rate were checked before and during exercise test.
Results: In a training group, maximal systolic blood pressure and rate pressure product were decreased immediately after exercise test after 6-weeks exercise training (p＜0.05). The MBI score and lipid profile were not changed after training.
Conclusion: Early exercise training in the stroke patients for 6 weeks have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system.
Objective: To determine the relationship of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores to the functional improvement of the brain-injured patients with a traumatic brain injury or cerebrovascular accident.
Method: Thirty patients who were admitted to a rehabilitation hospital for their initial brain injury were retrospectively studied. Subjects were administerd a MMSE as cognitive assessment and a Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) as functional assessment upon referral for the rehabilitation and at discharge.
Results: MMSE scores, FIM scores and MBI scores at discharge increased significantly compared to the scores at the start of rehabilitation. The changes of MMSE scores significantly correlated with the changes of FIM scores and MBI scores in 30 brain injured patients (p＜0.001). Among the subitems of FIM, the social cognition, communication, self care, and sphincter control were strongly correlated with the MMSE scores.
Conclusion: We conclude that the MMSE can be a relevant predicting factor for the changes of functional status of brain-injured patients from a inpatient stroke rehabilitation and post brain- injury rehabilitation.
Objective: The main purposes of this study were to understand the correlations among Modified Barthel Index (MBI), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), and ESCROW (Environment, Social support, Cluster of family members, Resources, Outlook, Work or School status) Profile, and to establish the more appropriate assessment standards to check patient's conditions in the hospital and in their homes and society.
Method: Thirty-four patients, who received the rehabilitation treatment and home visiting at the Presbyterian Medical Center, were evaluated for their functions by MBI, FIM, and ESCROW Profile.
Results: The mean scores of assessment measures by home visiting were all higher than in the hospital showing an improvement of the patients' functions after discharge from the hospital. The results of MBI and FIM in the hospital and home visiting showed a significant correlation, while the results of MBI and Cognitive FIM measure indicated a relatively low correlation coefficient. Although each result of MBI, FIM, and ESCROW provided a low correlation when the patients were in the hospital, the result for home visiting revealed very significant correlations. Especially, the items of environment, social support, outlook, and work status of ESCROW showed very significant correlations with MBI and FIM.
Conclusion: The results showed that MBI and FIM measurements were very useful in observing and following up the functional conditions of the patients, while ESCROW profile was more appropriate to evaluate the familial and social rehabilitation status.
The Loewenstein Occupational Therapy Cognitive Assessment(LOTCA) battery provides an initial profile of the cognitive abilities of the brain-injured patient that can be used as a starting point for occupational therapy intervention and as a screening test for further assessment. Reliability and validity for the LOTCA have been reported in the literatures. This study investigated the relationship between LOTCA scores and functional assessments in 34 brain-injured patients, consisting of 21 stroke patients and 13 traumatic brain injury patients.
Subjects were administered the LOTCA and, as functional assessment tools, the Cognitive Capacity Screening Examination(CCSE) and the Modified Barthel Index(MBI) upon referral to occupational therapy initially, and again at discharge.
The initial and the last LOTCA scores were significantly related to the initial and the last CCSE scores and the MBI scores, respectively, in brain-injured patients. Each of the last LOTCA scores, CCSE scores, and MBI scores increased significantly compared to the initial scores. There were no significant differences in the initial and the last LOTCA scores, CCSE scores, and MBI scores between stroke patients and traumatic brain injury patients. Greater LOTCA gain was significantly related to greater MBI gain.
These results suggest that the LOTCA battery for brain-injured patients is related not only to cognitive function, but also to functional evaluation as activities of daily living and functional recovery at discharge.
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