Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine

"Seo Young Kim"

Original Articles

Spinal cord injury

Quantitative Analysis in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Patients Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Tractography: Geun Seok Park, Tae Uk Kim, Seong Jae Lee, Jung Keun Hyun, Seo Young Kim; Ann Rehabil Med 2022;46(4):172-184. Published online August 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.22053

Abstract
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Objective
To investigate the clinical usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography in the prediction of outcomes after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and to assess whether the predictability is different between DTI and tractography administered before and after surgery.
Methods
Sixty-one subjects with traumatic cervical SCI were randomly assigned to preop or postop groups and received DTI accordingly. Among the patients who had DTI before surgery, we assigned 10 patients who had received repeated DTI examinations at 8 weeks after injury to the follow-up group. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained from DTI, and imaginary fiber and crossing fiber numbers were calculated from the tractography. Neurological status and functional status were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks after SCI.
Results
The neurologic and functional statuses of both groups improved after 4 weeks. Out of the initial 61 patients who were enrolled in the study, the failure rate of DTI image analysis was significantly higher in the postop group (n=17, 41.5%) than in the preop group (n=6, 20%). The FA values and fiber numbers in the preop group tended to be higher than those in the postop group, whereas ADC values were lower in the preop group. When comparing the tractographic findings in the follow-up group, imaginary fiber numbers at the C6 and C7 levels and crossing fiber numbers from the C3 to C6 levels were significantly decreased after surgery. Several DTI and tractographic parameters (especially the ADC value at the C4 level and imaginary fiber numbers at the C6 level) showed significant correlations with neurologic and functional statuses in both the preop and postop groups. These findings were most prominent when DTI and physical examination were simultaneously performed.
Conclusion
Preoperative DTI and tractography demonstrated better FA and ADC values with lower interpretation failure rates than those obtained after surgery, whereas postoperative data significantly reflected the patient’s clinical state at the time of evaluation. Therefore, DTI and tractography could be useful in predicting clinical outcomes after traumatic cervical SCI and should be interpreted separately before and after spine surgery.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Diffusion tractography outside the brain: the road less travelled
Kurt G. Schilling, Irvin Teh, Julien Cohen-Adad, Richard Dortch, Ibrahim Ibrahim, Nian Wang, Bruce Damon, Rory L. Cochran, Alexander Leemans
Brain Structure and Function.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Negative Correlation Between Fractional Anisotropy on Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Neck Disability Index in Cervical Spondylotic Radiculopathy After Percutaneous Cervical Nucleoplasty: A Cross-Sectional Study
Ning Fan, Tusheng Li, Xuanyu Lu, Xinyu Ma, Lihui Yang, Peng Du, Lei Zang, Shuo Yuan
Journal of Pain Research.2025; Volume 18: 3977. CrossRef
Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Identifies Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury after Bioactive Implants
DIANA OSORIO-LONDOÑO, AXAYÁCATL MORALES-GUADARRAMA, ROBERTO OLAYO-GONZÁLEZ, ERNESTO ROLDAN-VALADEZ
Archives of Medical Research.2024; 55(5): 103012. CrossRef

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Dysphagia

Predictors of Aspiration Pneumonia in the Elderly With Swallowing Dysfunction: Videofluoroscopic Swallowing Study: Joo Young Ko, Dae Youp Shin, Tae Uk Kim, Seo Young Kim, Jung Keun Hyun, Seong Jae Lee; Ann Rehabil Med 2021;45(2):99-107. Published online April 14, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.20180

Abstract
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Objective
To identify the variables of videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) that are useful for predicting the risk of aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients with dysphagia.
Methods
A total of 251 patients (aged 65 years or more) were included and divided into a pneumonia group (n=133) and a non-pneumonia group (n=118). The pneumonia group included patients who had been diagnosed with aspiration pneumonia, and individuals in the non-pneumonia group did not have pneumonia but were referred for VFSS. The medical records and results of VFSS were reviewed and compared between the groups retrospectively.
Results
The pneumonia group exhibited a male preponderance and a higher 8-point Penetration-Aspiration Scale (8PPAS) score. The mean values of 8PPAS score for swallowing thick liquid and rice porridge was significantly higher in the pneumonia group. The pharyngeal delay time (PDT) and pharyngeal transit time (PTT) were significantly longer in the pneumonia group. The amounts of vallecular and pyriform sinus residue were increased in the pneumonia group. The delay in swallowing reflex and the decrease in laryngeal elevation were more frequently observed in the pneumonia group. Among those variables, PDT and PTT were identified as significant predictors of aspiration pneumonia based on logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion
The present study delineated the findings of VFSS, suggesting an increased risk of aspiration pneumonia in elderly patients with dysphagia. The results demonstrate that prolonged PDT and PTT are significant predictors of aspiration pneumonia.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clinical Predictors of Dysphagia in Acute and Subacute Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Retrospective Observational Study
Yong Beom Shin, Jin A Yoon, Byeong Ju Lee, Myung Hun Jang, Hyuk Jin Choi, Sang Hun Kim
Dysphagia.2026; 41(1): 149. CrossRef
Pneumonia in frail older adults: from diagnosis to optimized management
Kosaku Komiya, Yuki Yoshimatsu, Akihiko Hagiwara, Ryohei Kudoh, Hisayuki Shuto, Izumi Yamatani, Akihiko Goto
Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy.2026; 32(2): 102914. CrossRef
Association Between Masticatory Difficulty and Chronic Cough in a Korean Population
Chang Wan Kim, Tae Sic Lee, Chun Sung Byun, Yon Chul Park
International Dental Journal.2025; 75(2): 496. CrossRef
Research on Intelligent Diagnosis Method of Swallowing Signal Based on Complex Electrical Impedance Myography
Xu Chu, Shaoshuai Yu, Fu Zhang, Yuxiang Yang, Letian Fu, Qi Liu
IEEE Sensors Journal.2025; 25(4): 5969. CrossRef
The Brain Lesion Affecting Dysphagia in Patient with Supratentorial Stroke
Jeon-Woong Kang, Seong-Hoon Lim, Dae-Hyun Jang, Min-Wook Kim, Jaewon Kim
NeuroRehabilitation: An International, Interdisciplinary Journal.2025; 56(3): 340. CrossRef
Predictors of Pneumonia in Patients With Penetration-Aspirations Detected on Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing
Raviv Allon, Elad Babayof, Yonatan Lahav, Yael Shapira-Galitz
Dysphagia.2025; 40(5): 1205. CrossRef
Collaboration Between Acute Care Hospitals and Nursing Homes for Dysphagia Management: A Comparative Study of Patients With and Without Pneumonia-Related Hospitalization
Takafumi Yamano, Shoichi Kimura, Fumitaka Omori, Kaori Wada, Miho Tanaka, Takashi Tsutsumi
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of Geniohyoid Muscle Morphology Assessment Using Conventional and Handheld Ultrasound Devices
Tetsuo Ota, Mai Sano, Mitsugu Yoneda
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Multi-Center Validation of Artificial Intelligence-Based Video Analysis Platform for Automatic Evaluation of Swallowing Disorders
Chang-Won Jeong, Dong-Wook Lim, Si-Hyeong Noh, Hee-Kyung Moon, Chul Park, Nayeon Ko, Min-Su Kim
Diagnostics.2025; 16(1): 45. CrossRef
Comparison of swallowing dynamics between jelly and thickened liquid commonly used for swallowing training in Japan
Mineka Yoshikawa, Jun Kayashita, Masahiro Nakamori, Toshikazu Nagasaki, Shin Masuda, Mitsuyoshi Yoshida
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Tongue pressure during swallowing is an independent risk factor for aspiration pneumonia in middle‐aged and older hospitalized patients: An observational study
Yen‐Chin Chen, En‐Ni Ku, Che‐Wei Lin, Pei‐Fang Tsai, Jiun‐Ling Wang, Yu‐Fen Yen, Nai‐Ying Ko, Wen‐Chieh Ko, Nan‐Yao Lee
Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2024; 24(S1): 351. CrossRef
Swallowing dysfunction between the community-living older adults with and without comorbid conditions using Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROM)
Himanshu Verma, Sourabh Kumar, Atul Sharma, Roshani Mishra, Banumathy Nagamani
Geriatric Nursing.2024; 56: 64. CrossRef
Contribution of Wireless Wi-Fi Intraoral Cameras to the Assessment of Swallowing Safety and Efficiency
José Vergara, Anna Miles, Juliana Lopes de Moraes, Carlos Takahiro Chone
Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research.2024; 67(3): 821. CrossRef
Oral and pharyngeal phases of swallowing in removable complete denture wearers
Marina Rodrigues Montaldi, Cláudia Helena Lovato da Silva, Adriana Barbosa Ribeiro, Camila Borba de Araujo, Caroline Vieira Fortes, Roberto Oliveira Dantas
RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Short-term cortical activation changes associated with postural compensation in swallowing
Kelsey L. Murray, Seng Mun Wong, Erin Kamarunas
Experimental Brain Research.2024; 242(11): 2623. CrossRef
Quantitative prediction of aspiration risk in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiation therapy
Hannah C. Liu, Casey W. Williamson, Jingjing Zou, Jacob R. Todd, Tyler J. Nelson, Lindsay M. Hill, Kristen E. Linnemeyer, Gerald Henderson, Puja Madgula, Brian Faung, Assuntina G. Sacco, Lucas K. Vitzthum, Philip A. Weissbrod, Liza S. Blumenfeld, Loren K.
Oral Oncology.2023; 136: 106247. CrossRef
Correlation Between Articulatory Diadochokinetic Parameters and Dysphagia Parameters in Subacute Stroke Patients
Back Min Oh, Hyun Seok, Sang-Hyun Kim, Seung Yeol Lee, Su Jung Park, Beom Jin Kim, Hyun Jung Kim
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(3): 192. CrossRef
Effects of Carbonated Thickened Drinks on Pharyngeal Swallowing with a Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Older Patients with Oropharyngeal Dysphagia
Motoyoshi Morishita, Masahiko Okubo, Tatsuro Sekine
Healthcare.2022; 10(9): 1769. CrossRef
Aspiration pneumonia after cerebrovascular stroke: a comparison between patients with and without dysphagia
N. A. Moulaei, N Ramroodi, S. M. N. A. Tabatabaie, H. A. Danesh, H. A. Khazaie
Anesteziologie a intenzivní medicína.2022; 33(3-4): 148. CrossRef

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Post-stroke Aphasia as a Prognostic Factor for Cognitive and Functional Changes in Patients With Stroke: Ischemic Versus Hemorrhagic: Kyung Cheon Seo, Joo Young Ko, Tae Uk Kim, Seong Jae Lee, Jung Keun Hyun, Seo Young Kim; Ann Rehabil Med 2020;44(3):171-180. Published online June 30, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.19096

Abstract
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Objective
To investigate the comprehensive outcomes in aphasic patients, including their cognitive and functional status after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. It also aimed to clarify whether aphasia is a prognostic factor for cognitive and functional improvements in stroke patients.
Methods
Sixty-seven ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients in the subacute stage who had been diagnosed with aphasia using the Korean version of Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (K-FAST) were included in the study. Forty-six stroke patients without aphasia were used as controls. All patients were examined with the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB). Cognitive and functional assessments of the patients including the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) were performed during admission and 4 weeks after the initial assessments.
Results
The initial and follow-up total K-MMSE and K-MBI scores were significantly lower in aphasic patients than in non-aphasic controls. The K-WAB scores highly correlated with the total K-MMSE scores at the follow-up stage in all aphasic stroke patients. The K-WAB scores moderately correlated with the follow-up scores of the K-MBI in ischemic stroke patients but not in hemorrhagic stroke patients.
Conclusion
Aphasia influences the cognitive and functional status of stroke patients and has a greater impact on cognitive improvement. Aphasia severity can be one of the prognostic factors for cognitive status in aphasic patients with stroke.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Possibilities of functional outcome prediction in patients with acute ischemic stroke, who did not receive reperfusion therapy
A. M. Tynterova, N. N. Shusharina, M. S. Khoimov, A. N. Nikishova, G. G. Osadchii
Russian neurological journal.2025; 30(1): 16. CrossRef
Factors influencing the choice of rehabilitation measures for a disabled person with consequences of acute stroke
Olga I. Khokhlova, Elena M. Vasilchenko, Yana A. Denisova
Medical and Social Expert Evaluation and Rehabilitation.2025; 28(1): 39. CrossRef
The effectiveness of drug therapy in the rehabilitation of patients with post-stroke aphasia
S.V. Kotov, E.V. Isakova, M.M. Shcherbakova, V.A. Zenina
S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry.2024; 124(11): 132. CrossRef
The Effect of Rehabilitation without Specific Cognitive Rehabilitation on the Improvement of Cognitive Functions in Stroke Patients: Evaluation with Risk Factors
İlker Fatih SARI, Evren ER, İlker İLHANLI, Fazıl KULAKLI, Nurçe ÇİLESİZOĞLU YAVUZ
Medical Records.2023; 5(2): 277. CrossRef
A Novel Telerehabilitation Approach for Cognitive-Language Therapy in Chronic Stroke Subjects With Aphasia: Neurocognitive Intervention Through Neurorehabilitation Exercises and Assessments
Francesco Infarinato, Paola Romano, Francesco Adinolfi, Marco Franceschini, Roberta Ginocchi, Michela Goffredo, Marco Ottaviani, Marianna Valente, Sanaz Pournajaf
IEEE Robotics & Automation Magazine.2023; 30(1): 84. CrossRef
Comparing the brain–behaviour relationship in acute and chronic stroke aphasia
Natalie Busby, Argye E Hillis, Lisa Bunker, Chis Rorden, Roger Newman-Norlund, Leo Bonilha, Erin Meier, Emily Goldberg, Gregory Hickok, Grigori Yourganov, Julius Fridriksson
Brain Communications.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A Comparative Analysis of Functional Status and Mobility in Stroke Patients with and without Aphasia
Zbigniew Guzek, Wioletta Dziubek, Małgorzata Stefańska, Joanna Kowalska
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(12): 3478. CrossRef
Cross-validation of predictive models for functional recovery after post-stroke rehabilitation
Silvia Campagnini, Piergiuseppe Liuzzi, Andrea Mannini, Benedetta Basagni, Claudio Macchi, Maria Chiara Carrozza, Francesca Cecchi
Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Current view on post‐stroke dementia
Jakub Droś, Aleksandra Klimkowicz‐Mrowiec
Psychogeriatrics.2021; 21(3): 407. CrossRef
Cognitive and psychoemotional impairment dynamics in patients with hemorrhagic hemispheric stroke at the early rehabilitation stage
Svitlana Medvedkova, Anastasiia Dronova
Ukrains'kyi Visnyk Psykhonevrolohii.2021; (Volume 29,): 27. CrossRef

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257 Download
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Case Report

Botulinum Toxin Injection in the Treatment of Postextubation Dysphagia: A Case Report: Byung Wook Kim, Hee-Ju Kim, Jung Keun Hyun, Seo Young Kim, Tae Uk Kim; Ann Rehabil Med 2018;42(2):358-362. Published online April 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2018.42.2.358

Abstract
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Prolonged intubation is known to bring on postextubation dysphagia (PED) in some patients. We have noted that there were some studies to investigate specific type and pattern of PED, which showed large variety of different swallowing abnormalities as mechanisms of PED that are multifactorial. There are several options of treatment in accordance with the management of these abnormalities. A botulinum toxin (BoT) injection into the upper esophageal sphincter (UES) can improve swallowing functions for patients with this disorder, by working to help the muscle relax. In this case, the conventional treatment was not effective in patients with PED, whereas the BoT injection made a great improvement for these patients. This study suggests that the UES pathology could be the main cause of PED.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Effectiveness of Botulinum Toxin Injection for Cricopharyngeal Dysfunction-Related Dysphagia in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients
Kai-Hsiang Hu, I-Pei Lee, Shu-Wei Tsai, David Shang-Yu Hung, Miyuki Hsing-Chun Hsieh, Yi-Jen Chen, Jenn-Ren Hsiao, Cheng-Chih Huang, Chun-Yen Ou, Chan-Chi Chang, Wei-Ting Lee, Sen-Tien Tsai, Hui-Chen Su
Dysphagia.2026; 41(1): 179. CrossRef
Effect of botulinum toxin injection on cricopharyngeal dysphagia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Chao Han, Yongxiang Zhang, Xiaona Pan, Yuanyuan Hou, Yuyang Wang, Hui Sun, Pingping Meng
Neurological Sciences.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Botulinum Toxin Injection for the Treatment of Upper Esophageal Sphincter Dysfunction
Pengxu Wei
Toxins.2022; 14(5): 321. CrossRef
[Retracted] Clinical Observation of Botulinum Toxin Injection in the Treatment of Focal Dystonia and Muscle Spasm
Zhen Zhang, Sandip K Mishra
BioMed Research International.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasound, electromyography, and balloon guidance for injecting botulinum toxin for cricopharyngeal achalasia
Jian-Min Chen, Yang-Jia Chen, Jun Ni, Zhi-Yong Wang
Medicine.2021; 100(11): e24909. CrossRef
Exploring the role of botulinum toxin in critical care
Muhammad Ubaid Hafeez, Michael Moore, Komal Hafeez, Joseph Jankovic
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics.2021; 21(8): 881. CrossRef

7,532 View
114 Download
6 Web of Science
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Original Article

Factors Associated With Upper Extremity Functional Recovery Following Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Stroke Patients: Seo Young Kim, Sung Bong Shin, Seong Jae Lee, Tae Uk Kim, Jung Keun Hyun; Ann Rehabil Med 2016;40(3):373-382. Published online June 29, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5535/arm.2016.40.3.373

Abstract
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Objective

To investigate the factors related to upper extremity functional improvement following inhibitory repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in stroke patients.

Methods

Forty-one stroke patients received low-frequency rTMS over the contralesional hemisphere according to a standard protocol, in addition to conventional physical and occupational therapy. The rTMS-treated patients were divided into two groups according to their responsiveness to rTMS measured by the self-care score of the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI): responded group (n=19) and non-responded group (n=22). Forty-one age-matched stroke patients who had not received rTMS served as controls. Neurological, cognitive and functional assessments were performed before rTMS and 4 weeks after rTMS treatment.

Results

Among the rTMS-treated patients, the responded group was significantly younger than the non-responded group (51.6±10.5 years and 65.5±13.7 years, respectively; p=0.001). Four weeks after rTMS, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, the Brunnstrom recovery stage and upper extremity muscle power scores were significantly more improved in the responded group than in the control group. Besides the self-care score, the mobility score of the K-MBI was also more improved in the responded group than in the non-responded group or controls.

Conclusion

Age is the most obvious factor determining upper extremity functional responsiveness to low-frequency rTMS in stroke patients.

Citations

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Effect of lower limb resistance exercise with abdominal draw-in on stroke survivors: A pilot study
Myunggi Cho, Miyoung Lee, Taewoong Jeong, Yijung Chung
NeuroRehabilitation.2024; 55(1): 29. CrossRef
Effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation on rehabilitation of upper limb motor function after stroke
Qiuwen Gong, Rubing Yan, Han Chen, Xia Duan, Xiaoyu Wu, Xin Zhang, Yi Zhou, Zhou Feng, Ya Chen, Jianbo Liu, Peng Xu, Jing Qiu, Hongliang Liu, Jingming Hou
Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Applications of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Improve Upper Limb Motor Performance After Stroke: A Systematic Review
Afifa Safdar, Marie-Claire Smith, Winston D. Byblow, Cathy M. Stinear
Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair.2023; 37(11-12): 837. CrossRef
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So Jung Lee, Eun Chae Lee, Muhyun Kim, Sung-Hwa Ko, Sungchul Huh, Woosik Choi, Yong-Il Shin, Ji Hong Min
Medicine.2022; 101(35): e30286. CrossRef
Synergistic Effects of Scalp Acupuncture and Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Cerebral Infarction: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial
Jae-Hong Kim, Jae-Young Han, Min-Keun Song, Gwang-Cheon Park, Jeong-Soon Lee
Brain Sciences.2020; 10(2): 87. CrossRef
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Ji Hong Min, Hyun Yong Seong, Sung Hwa Ko, Woo-Ri Jo, Hyun-Ju Sohn, Young Hyun Ahn, Ju Hyun Son, Ho-Yeon Seo, Yeong-Ran Son, Seong-Jun Mun, Myoung-Hwan Ko, Yong-Il Shin
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research.2020; 43(2): 159. CrossRef
Safety and Efficacy of Accelerated Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Protocol in Elderly Depressed Unipolar and Bipolar Patients
Véronique Desbeaumes Jodoin, Jean-Philippe Miron, Paul Lespérance
The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.2019; 27(5): 548. CrossRef
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Enhances Recovery in Central Cord Syndrome Patients
Hana Choi, Kyung Cheon Seo, Tae Uk Kim, Seong Jae Lee, Jung Keun Hyun
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2019; 43(1): 62. CrossRef
Effects and safety of combined rTMS and action observation for recovery of function in the upper extremities in stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial
Jun Soo Noh, Ji Hoon Lim, Tae Woong Choi, Seung Gul Jang, Sung-Bom Pyun
Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience.2019; 37(3): 219. CrossRef
Changes in Intracortical Excitability of Affected and Unaffected Hemispheres After Stroke Evaluated by Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Ho Youn Seo, Gi-Wook Kim, Yu Hui Won, Sung-Hee Park, Jeong-Hwan Seo, Myoung-Hwan Ko
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2018; 42(4): 495. CrossRef
Role of the Contralesional vs. Ipsilesional Hemisphere in Stroke Recovery
Keith C. Dodd, Veena A. Nair, Vivek Prabhakaran
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.2017;[Epub] CrossRef
Low-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Stroke-Induced Upper Limb Motor Deficit: A Meta-Analysis
Lan Zhang, Guoqiang Xing, Shiquan Shuai, Zhiwei Guo, Huaping Chen, Morgan A. McClure, Xiaojuan Chen, Qiwen Mu
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Effects of virtual reality intervention on upper limb motor function and activity of daily living in patients with lesions in different regions of the brain
Sang-Mi Jung, Won-Ho Choi
Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2017; 29(12): 2103. CrossRef