Objective
To characterize the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) induced changes in angiogenic mechanisms across different brain regions.
Methods
Seventy-nine adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to a middle cerebral artery occlusion (day 0) and then treated with 1-Hz, 20-Hz, or sham stimulation of their lesioned hemispheres for 2 weeks. The stimulation intensity was set to 100% of the motor threshold. The neurological function was assessed on days 3, 10, and 17. The infarct volume and angiogenesis were measured by histology, immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Brain tissue was harvested from the ischemic core (IC), ischemic border zone (BZ), and contralateral homologous cortex (CH).
Results
Optical density of angiopoietin1 and synaptophysin in the IC was significantly greater in the low-frequency group than in the sham group (p=0.03 and p=0.03, respectively). The 1-Hz rTMS significantly increased the level of Akt phosphorylation in the BZ (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz). Endothelial nitric oxide synthase phosphorylation was increased in the IC (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz), BZ (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz), and CH (p<0.05 vs. 20 Hz and p<0.05 vs. sham). Real-time PCR demonstrated that low-frequency stimulation significantly increased the transcriptional activity of the TIE2 gene in the IC (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Low-frequency rTMS of the ipsilesional hemisphere in the early subacute phase of stroke promotes the expression of angiogenic factors and related genes in the brain, particularly in the injured area.

Citations

• Novel emerging therapy for erectile dysfunction: efficacy and safety of flat magnetic stimulation
  Daniel Galimberti, Agustina Vila Echague, Ery A. Ko, Laura Pieri, Alessandra Comito, Irene Fusco, Tiziano Zingoni
  Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Determining the Optimal Stimulation Sessions for TMS-Induced Recovery of Upper Extremity Motor Function Post Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Yichen Lv, Jack Jiaqi Zhang, Kui Wang, Leilei Ju, Hongying Zhang, Yuehan Zhao, Yao Pan, Jianwei Gong, Xin Wang, Kenneth N. K. Fong
  Brain Sciences.2023; 13(12): 1662.     CrossRef

This fact sheet was used to analyze the trends in the number of amputees within the population and changes in their health-related behaviors since 2011. Data from the National Survey of Disabled Persons in Korea from 2011 to 2020 were used in this study. The cases of amputation among people with disabilities have increased. Although there were more upper extremity amputations than lower extremity amputations, as amputations below the wrist account for a greater proportion in South Korea than in other countries, the number of upper extremity amputations decreased and lower extremity amputations increased. The most common cause of amputation is accidents, followed by diseases and congenital anomalies. The majority of the amputees were male; however, the number of females showed a gradual increase, and the average age also increased. The proportion of amputated patients with chronic diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, is increasing, and medical services are relatively limited. In this review study, through the 10-year trend change in the prevalence of amputee, it was possible to infer the impact of personal, social, and environmental changes. Based on these amputee statistics, it is expected that they can be used to plan health and medical policies for the disabled.

Citations

• Impact of delayed amputation on clinical outcomes compared to that of early amputation in patients with blunt polytrauma
  Jinjoo Kim, Wanseon Choi, Wontae Cho, Jonghwan Moon
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Risk of Heart Disease in Patients With Amputation: A Nationwide Cohort Study in South Korea
  Hea Lim Choi, Jung Eun Yoo, Miso Kim, Bongsung Kim, Junhee Park, Won Hyuk Chang, Heesun Lee, Kyungdo Han, Dong Wook Shin
  Journal of the American Heart Association.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Increased Risk of Fracture after Traumatic Amputation: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
  Hyeonjin Cho, Junhee Park, Bongseong Kim, Kyungdo Han, Hea Lim Choi, Dong Wook Shin
  Healthcare.2024; 12(13): 1362.     CrossRef
• Epidemiology and Impact of Limb Loss in the United States and Globally
  Jenny Xu, Amna Haider, Amaan Sheikh, Marlis González-Fernández
  Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America.2024; 35(4): 679.     CrossRef

Objective
To assess the accuracies and validities of popular smart bands for heart rate (HR) measurement in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients during a graded exercise test (GXT).
Methods
Seventy-eight patients were randomly assigned to wear two different smart bands out of three possible choices: Samsung Galaxy Fit 2, Xiaomi Mi Band 5, or Partron PWB-250 on each wrist. A 12-lead exercise electrocardiogram (ECG) and patch-type single-lead ECG were used to assess the comparative HR accuracy of the smart bands. The HR was recorded during the GXT using the modified Bruce protocol.
Results
The concordance correlation coefficients (r_c) were calculated to provide a measure of agreement between each device and the ECG. In all conditions, the Mi Band 5 and Galaxy Fit 2’ correlations were r_c>0.90, while the PWB-250 correlation was r_c=0.58 at rest. When evaluating the accuracy according to the magnitude of HR, all smart bands performed well (r_c>0.90) when the HR was below 100 but accuracy tended to decrease with higher HR values.
Conclusion
This study showed that the three smart bands had a high level of accuracy for HR measurements during low-intensity exercise. However, during moderate-intensity and high-intensity exercise, all the three smart bands performed less accurately. Further studies are needed to find a more optimal smart band for HR measurement that can be used for precise HR monitoring during formal cardiac rehabilitation exercise training, including at high and maximal intensity (Clinical Trial Registration No. cris.nih.go.kr/KCT0007036).

Citations

• The Accessibility and Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation in COVID-19 Pandemic Era
  Chul Kim, Jun Hyeong Song, Seung Hyoun Kim
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(4): 249.     CrossRef
• An Evaluation of the Effect of App-Based Exercise Prescription Using Reinforcement Learning on Satisfaction and Exercise Intensity: Randomized Crossover Trial
  Cailbhe Doherty, Rory Lambe, Ben O’Grady, Diarmuid O’Reilly-Morgan, Barry Smyth, Aonghus Lawlor, Neil Hurley, Elias Tragos
  JMIR mHealth and uHealth.2024; 12: e49443.     CrossRef
• Women’s Involvement in Steady Exercise (WISE): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
  Irene Ferrando-Terradez, Lirios Dueñas, Ivana Parčina, Nemanja Ćopić, Svetlana Petronijević, Gianfranco Beltrami, Fabio Pezzoni, Constanza San Martín-Valenzuela, Maarten Gijssel, Stefano Moliterni, Panagiotis Papageorgiou, Yelko Rodríguez-Carrasco
  Healthcare.2023; 11(9): 1279.     CrossRef

Objective
To analyze the effects of lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) surgery after 1 year using the elastic index (EI) and volume.
Methods
This study was a retrospective study of 41 patients, with lymphedema, who underwent LVA surgery between July 2018 and June 2020. Limb circumference, used to determine the volume of the limb with lymphedema, and EI, which reflects tissue stiffness and measured using ultrasonography were measured for each patient before and 1 year after LVA surgery. To examine the effect of LVA, differences in the preoperative and 1-year postoperative volumes and EIs were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
Results
The mean volume and EI of the dominant site in upper-extremity lymphedema were 2,309.4 cm³ and 1.4, respectively, preoperatively and 2,237.1 cm³ and 0.9, respectively, at 1 year postoperatively. The mean volume and EI difference of the dominant site 1 year after surgery was -16.6 cm³ (p=0.22) and -0.5 (p<0.001). The mean volume and EI of dominant site in lower-extremity lymphedema were 6,137.0 cm³ and 1.2, respectively, preoperatively, and 5,832.6 cm³ and 1.1, respectively, at 1 year postoperatively. The mean volume and EI difference of the dominant site 1 year postoperatively were -320.9 cm³ (p=0.04) and -0.2 (p=0.09), respectively.
Conclusion
LVA surgery is more effective in reducing pressure than in reducing volume, which may be helpful in preventing the progression of lymphedema.

Objective
To compare the biomechanical properties of the glenohumeral joint capsule between adhesive capsulitis (AC) after breast cancer surgery and idiopathic AC and demonstrate the effects of hydrodilatation (HD) with corticosteroid injection for AC after breast cancer surgery.
Methods
Twenty-three prospective patients with AC after breast cancer surgery (BC group) and 44 retrospective patients with idiopathic AC without breast cancer (CON group) underwent HD with corticosteroid injection and home exercise training. We compared their biomechanical characteristics (capsular capacity, maximal pressure, and capsular stiffness). In the BC group, the passive range of motion (ROM) of the affected shoulder and a questionnaire (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index [SPADI]) were evaluated at baseline and 2 and 4 weeks after treatment.
Results
The BC group showed higher biomechanical characteristics (maximal pressure and capsular stiffness) than did the CON group. The mean maximal pressure and capsular stiffness were 519.67±120.90 mmHg and 19.69±10.58 mmHg/mL in the BC group and 424.78±104.42 mmHg and 11.55±7.77 mmHg/mL in the CON group (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). And, the BC group showed significant improvements in all ROMs (abduction, flexion, and external rotation) and the SPADI pain and disability sub-scores following the treatment.
Conclusion
The glenohumeral joint capsular stiffness was greater in the patients with AC after breast cancer surgery than in those with idiopathic AC. HD with corticosteroid injection was effective in treating AC after breast cancer surgery.

Citations

• An update on rehabilitative treatment of shoulder disease after breast cancer care
  P. E. Ferrara, D. M. Gatto, S. Codazza, P. Zordan, G. Stefinlongo, M. Ariani, D. Coraci, G. Ronconi
  MUSCULOSKELETAL SURGERY.2024; 108(1): 31.     CrossRef
• Effects of Intra-Articular Triamcinolone Injection on Adhesive Capsulitis after Breast Cancer Surgery
  Sungwon Kim, Sunwoo Kim, Jong Geol Do, Ji Hye Hwang
  Diagnostics.2024; 14(14): 1464.     CrossRef

Objective
To demonstrate the sonoanatomy of the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (MACN) in the elbow region using high-resolution ultrasonography (HRUS) to identify areas at a high risk of MACN injury.
Methods
A total of 44 arms were included in the study. In the supine position, the participants’ arms were abducted 45° with the elbow fully extended. The MACN was visualized in the transverse view. The anterior branch of the MACN (ABMACN), posterior branch of the MACN (PBMACN), and location of the branching sites were determined. The distance between the ABMACN and superficial veins, including the basilic vein (BV) and median cubital veins (MCV) was measured. For the PBMACN, the distance to the ulnar nerve (UN) and to BV were measured.
Results
The MACN was subdivided into 2.18±1.00 branches, including ABMACN and PBMACN. The ABMACN and PBMACN were subdivided into 1.60±0.78 and 1.07±0.25 branches, respectively. The branching point of the MACN was 8.40±2.42 cm proximal to the interepicondylar line (IEL). We demonstrated that the ABMACN is located close to the BV and MCV in the elbow region, and the PBMACN was located approximately 1 cm and 0.8 cm anterior to the UN and posterior to the BV at the IEL level, respectively.
Conclusion
Considering the location of the MACN, including ABMACN and PBMACN, clinicians can perform invasive procedures around the elbow region more carefully to lower the risk of MACN injury.

Citations

• Ultrasonographic differential diagnosis of medial elbow pain
  Min Jeong Cho, Jee Won Chai, Dong Hyun Kim, Hyo Jin Kim, Jiwoon Seo
  Ultrasonography.2024; 43(5): 299.     CrossRef

Objective
To investigate the clinical usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and tractography in the prediction of outcomes after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and to assess whether the predictability is different between DTI and tractography administered before and after surgery.
Methods
Sixty-one subjects with traumatic cervical SCI were randomly assigned to preop or postop groups and received DTI accordingly. Among the patients who had DTI before surgery, we assigned 10 patients who had received repeated DTI examinations at 8 weeks after injury to the follow-up group. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were obtained from DTI, and imaginary fiber and crossing fiber numbers were calculated from the tractography. Neurological status and functional status were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks after SCI.
Results
The neurologic and functional statuses of both groups improved after 4 weeks. Out of the initial 61 patients who were enrolled in the study, the failure rate of DTI image analysis was significantly higher in the postop group (n=17, 41.5%) than in the preop group (n=6, 20%). The FA values and fiber numbers in the preop group tended to be higher than those in the postop group, whereas ADC values were lower in the preop group. When comparing the tractographic findings in the follow-up group, imaginary fiber numbers at the C6 and C7 levels and crossing fiber numbers from the C3 to C6 levels were significantly decreased after surgery. Several DTI and tractographic parameters (especially the ADC value at the C4 level and imaginary fiber numbers at the C6 level) showed significant correlations with neurologic and functional statuses in both the preop and postop groups. These findings were most prominent when DTI and physical examination were simultaneously performed.
Conclusion
Preoperative DTI and tractography demonstrated better FA and ADC values with lower interpretation failure rates than those obtained after surgery, whereas postoperative data significantly reflected the patient’s clinical state at the time of evaluation. Therefore, DTI and tractography could be useful in predicting clinical outcomes after traumatic cervical SCI and should be interpreted separately before and after spine surgery.

Citations

• Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Identifies Recovery from Spinal Cord Injury after Bioactive Implants
  DIANA OSORIO-LONDOÑO, AXAYÁCATL MORALES-GUADARRAMA, ROBERTO OLAYO-GONZÁLEZ, ERNESTO ROLDAN-VALADEZ
  Archives of Medical Research.2024; 55(5): 103012.     CrossRef

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Daewoong botulinum toxin type A (NABOTA) after its launch in South Korea.
Methods
This prospective, multicenter, open-label phase IV clinical trial included 222 patients with stroke. All patients visited the clinic at baseline and at weeks 4, 8, and 12 after injection of upto 360 units of NABOTA into the wrist, elbow, and finger flexor muscles at the first visit. The primary outcome was the change in Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) score for the wrist flexor muscles between baseline and week 4. The secondary outcomes were the changes in MAS, Disability Assessment Scale (DAS), and Caregiver Burden Scale (CBS) scores between baseline and each visit, and the Global Assessment Scale (GAS) score at week 12.
Results
There was a statistically significant decrease in the MAS score for the wrist flexors between baseline and week 4 (-0.97±0.66, p<0.001). Compared with baseline, the MAS, DAS and CBS scores improved significantly during the study period. The GAS was rated as very good or good by 86.8% of physicians and by 60.0% of patients (or caregivers). The incidence of adverse events was 14.4%, which is smaller than that in a previous trial.
Conclusion
NABOTA showed considerable efficacy and safety in the management of upper limb spasticity in stroke patients.

Cancer rehabilitation aims to enable patients to maximize their physical, social, psychological, and vocational functions within the limits that arise during the course of the disease and its treatment. According to recent domestic studies, most patients report one or more physical problems during or after cancer treatment. This review presents the latest updates on cancer-related rehabilitation issues. Cancer rehabilitation in Korea still faces various barriers, including a lack of awareness, problems with the healthcare delivery system, and high costs, and recognizing the need for rehabilitation during cancer treatment varies among patients and even physicians. Hence, an appropriate cooperative referral system for cancer rehabilitation requires improvement. We herein review the current status of and barriers to cancer rehabilitation in South Korea to resolve the issues of domestic cancer rehabilitation.

Citations

• Factors associated with sedentary behavior among community-dwelling breast cancer survivors aged 50 years or older
  Jae Hyeon Park, Jung Soo Lee, Hyung Seok Nam, Yeo Hyung Kim
  Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To systematically review the available literature on the efficacy of tibial nerve stimulation on faecal incontinence and quality of life in adult patients with low anterior resection syndrome following surgery for colorectal cancer.
Methods
A primary search of electronic databases was conducted adopting a combination of search terms related to the following areas of interest: “efficacy”, “tibial nerve stimulation” and “low anterior resection syndrome”. A secondary search of the grey literature was performed in addition to checking the reference list of included studies and review papers. The review was reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. A descriptive analysis was used to integrate the review findings.
Results
Five distinct studies involving 116 patients met the inclusion criteria for the review. The included studies suggest that tibial nerve stimulation may have a positive effect on faecal incontinence and quality of life in some patients with low anterior resection syndrome and might be considered as an additional treatment option.
Conclusion
There were a limited number of studies and a great degree of heterogeneity of evidence due to differences in participants’ baseline characteristics, dropout rates, and follow-up periods. Further research adopting validated, consistent, and complex outcome assessment methods is recommended to determine the efficacy of tibial nerve stimulation for treatment of patients with low anterior resection syndrome.

Citations

• Optimal interventions for low anterior resection syndrome: Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
  M. Yu, Y. Liu, N. Li, J. Xu, H. Zhang, F. Li, H. Chen, B. Li
  Techniques in Coloproctology.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Posterior Tibial Nerve Stimulation on Fecal Incontinence: An Umbrella Review
  Fateme Tahmasbi, Reza Mosaddeghi-Heris, Farzin Soleimanzadeh, Rezvan Ghaderpanah, SeyedHassan Sadrian, Sakineh Hajebrahimi, Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr
  Neuromodulation: Technology at the Neural Interface.2024; 27(2): 229.     CrossRef
• The Role of Percutaneous Tibial Nerve Stimulation (PTNS) in Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
  Stavros Chrysovalantis Liapis, Ioannis Baloyiannis, Konstantinos Perivoliotis, Dimitrios Lytras, Georgios Theodoropoulos, Georgios Tzovaras
  Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer.2023; 54(4): 1128.     CrossRef
• Recent Trends in Rehabilitation for Cancer Patients
  Kwan-Sik Seo
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2022; 46(3): 111.     CrossRef
• Low Anterior Resection Syndrome: Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Current Management
  Seung Mi Yeo, Gyung Mo Son
  The Ewha Medical Journal.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To compare the predicted and actual maximal heart rate (HRmax) values in the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET).
Methods
We retrospectively investigated 1,060 patients who underwent a CPET between January 2016 and April 2020 at our institution’s cardiopulmonary rehabilitation center. The following patients were included: those aged >20 years, those tested with a treadmill, and those who underwent symptom-limited maximum exercise testing— reaching ≥85% of the predicted HRmax (62% if taking beta-blockers) and highest respiratory exchange ratio ≥1.1. Ultimately, 827 patients were included in this study. Data on diagnosis, history of taking beta-blockers, age, body mass index (BMI), and CPET parameters were collected. Subgroup analysis was performed according to age, betablockers, BMI (low <18.5 kg/m², normal, and high ≥25 kg/m²), and risk classification.
Results
There was a significant difference between the actual HRmax and the predicted value (p<0.001). Betablocker administration resulted in a significant difference in the actual HRmax (p<0.001). There were significant differences in the moderate-to-high-risk and low-risk groups and the normal BMI and high BMI groups (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the elderly and younger groups. We suggest new formulae for HRmax of cardiopulmonary patients: estimated HRmax=183-0.76×age (the beta-blocker group) and etimated HRmax=210-0.91×age (the non-beta-blocker group).
Conclusion
Age-predicted HRmax was significantly different from the actual HRmax of patients with cardiopulmonary disease, especially in the beta-blocker group. For participants with high BMI and moderate-tosevere risk, the actual HRmax was significantly lower than the predicted HRmax.

Citations

• Prognostic Factors for Responders of Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation—Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
  Chul Kim, Hee-Eun Choi, Chin Kook Rhee, Jae Ha Lee, Ju Hyun Oh, Jun Hyeong Song
  Healthcare.2025; 13(3): 308.     CrossRef
• Free-Living Physical Activity Energy Expenditure Based on Accelerometry Versus Heart Rate in Community-Dwelling Older Adults
  Joona Neuvonen, Timo Aittokoski, Timo Rantalainen, Jukka Lipponen, Lotta Palmberg, Soren Brage, Tomas I. Gonzales, Erja Portegijs, Taina Rantanen, Laura Karavirta
  Journal for the Measurement of Physical Behaviour.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Efficacy of a digital lifestyle intervention on health-related QUAlity of life in non-small cell LUng CAncer survivors following inpatient rehabilitation: protocol of the QUALUCA Swiss multicentre randomised controlled trial
  Manuel Weber, Anja Maria Raab, Kai-Uwe Schmitt, Gilbert Büsching, Thimo Marcin, Marc Spielmanns, Milo Alan Puhan, Anja Frei
  BMJ Open.2024; 14(3): e081397.     CrossRef
• High-intensity interval training improves bone remodeling, lipid profile, and physical function in multiple sclerosis patients
  Alessandra Amato, Patrizia Proia, Anna Alioto, Carlo Rossi, Andrea Pagliaro, Paolo Ragonese, Giuseppe Schirò, Giuseppe Salemi, Rosalia Caldarella, Sonya Vasto, Robert Nowak, Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak, Giuseppe Musumeci, Sara Baldassano
  Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Association between short-term exposure to high-level particulate matter (PM1 , PM2.5, and PM10) of smoke Peganum harmala seeds with blood pressure: A quasi-experimental study
  Yadolah Fakhri, Ibrahim Ziad Abdullah, Ayham Issam Qasem Al-issa, Elham Rahmanzadeh, Somayeh Hoseinvandtabar, Somayyeh Dehghani, Mahdi Ghorbanian, Amin Ghanbarnejad
  Environmental Health Engineering and Management.2024; 11(4): 419.     CrossRef
• Exergaming in older adults: the effects of game characteristics on brain activity and physical activity
  Helen Müller, Jochen Baumeister, Ellen Marie Bardal, Beatrix Vereijken, Nina Skjæret-Maroni
  Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To investigate the association of trunk fat and muscle composition, lumbar disc space narrowing, and low back pain in middle-aged farmers.
Methods
Fat and muscle areas were identified using standard Hounsfield unit ranges for adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with computed tomography images at the mid-L4 vertebral level. Trunk fat mass, muscle mass, and fat/muscle mass ratio were calculated. Low back pain was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The L4/5-disc space and low back pain were also assessed.
Results
Male had a higher total trunk, back, psoas, and abdominal muscle mass, and visceral fat; female had a higher subcutaneous fat mass and fat/muscle ratio. Pearson correlation coefficients with ODI for waist circumference, total fat mass, visceral fat mass, and fat/muscle ratio were all significant in female; only the fat/muscle ratio was significant in male. Pearson correlation coefficients with L4/5-disc space narrowing grades for visceral fat mass, total, back, and psoas muscle mass, and fat/muscle ratio, were all significant in female; total and back muscle mass, and fat/muscle ratio in male.
Conclusion
There were significant relationships between: fat indicators with low back pain; trunk muscle mass with lumbar disc degeneration; and fat/muscle ratio with both lumbar disc degeneration and low back pain. The fat/muscle ratio may be a useful index for low back pain.

Citations

• Association between a body shape index and low back pain: a cross-sectional study highlighting gender-specific differences in NHANES data
  Shiwei Xie, Heng Xiao, Gengwu Li, Jigen Zheng, Fan Zhang, Yuping Lan, Mingwei Luo
  BMC Public Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Biomechanical changes in females with poly cystic ovarian syndrome: a case–control study
  Eman E. Kamal, Hamada A. Hamada, Reda Sayed Ashour, Amel M. Yousef, Rovan M. Elbesh
  Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Association of Body Mass Index and Central Obesity with Spinopelvic Alignment Parameters in a Chinese Population: A Prospective Study
  Hao Qi, Zenghui Zhao, Feiyu Zu, Chenxi Wang, Chenchen Wang, Zuzhuo Zhang, Xiaonan Tian, Dan Su, Zhaoxuan Wang, Rui Xue, Zhiyong Hou, Wei Chen, Di Zhang
  World Neurosurgery.2024; 189: e153.     CrossRef
• The Effect of Intraabdominal Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Volume and Muscle Volume on Lumbar Vertebrae Degeneration
  Rabia Mihriban Kilinc, Fatih İlker Can
  Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Fat Hounsfield Unit Reference Interval Derived through an Indirect Method
  Marian Pop, Marius Mărușteri
  Diagnostics.2023; 13(11): 1913.     CrossRef
• Relationships Between Skeletal Muscle Mass, Lumbar Lordosis, and Chronic Low Back Pain in the Elderly
  Myung Woo Park, Sang Jun Park, Sun Gun Chung
  Neurospine.2023; 20(3): 959.     CrossRef
• Back Extensor Strength as a Potential Marker of Frailty Using Propensity Score Matching and Machine Learning
  Taewook Kim, Gowun Kim, Hee-won Park, Eun Kyoung Kang, Sora Baek
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(19): 6156.     CrossRef
• Comprehensive Physical Work Capacity Evaluations for Korean Farmers Assessed in Healthy Volunteers
  Seungsu Jeong, Gowun Kim, Hee-won Park, Sora Baek
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(6): 468.     CrossRef
• The Relationship Between Low Back Pain and Sagittal Spinal Alignment and Back Muscle Mass in Korean Fishery Workers
  Minjung Kook, Insuh Kim, Jeongyeon Seo, Hyundong Kim, Heesung Nam, Nami Han
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(6): 459.     CrossRef

Objective
To investigate the effect of antigravity treadmill gait training (AGT) on gait function, balance, and fall risk in stroke patients.
Methods
This study included 30 patients with stroke (mean age, 73 years). All subjects were randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group (n=15) performed AGT for 20 minutes, five times per week for 4 weeks. The control group (n=15) received conventional gait training for the same duration. To assess fall risk, the Tinetti Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) was measured. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and 10-m walk test (10mWT) were measured to assess dynamic balance. All scales were measured before intervention (T0) and at 4 weeks (T1) and 12 weeks (T2) after intervention.
Results
Results showed that the total POMA score, BBS, and 10mWT scores improved significantly (p<0.05) at T1 and T2 in both groups. The POMA gait score (4.20±1.37 at T1, 4.87±1.36 at T2) and TUG (4.52±4.30 at T1, 5.73±4.97 at T2) significantly improved (p<0.05) only in the intervention group. The changes in total POMA score and BBS of the intervention group (7.20±2.37, 7.47±3.07) improved more significantly (p<0.05) between T0 and T2 than the control group (2.53±2.10, 2.87±2.53).
Conclusion
Our study showed that AGT enhances dynamic balance and gait speed and effectively lowers fall risk in stroke patients. Compared to conventional gait therapy, AGT would improve gait function and balance in stroke patients more effectively.

Citations

• Reporting of Adverse Events in Studies Involving Treadmill Gait Training After Stroke: A Systematic Review
  Jesimiel Missias de Souza, Daiane Carla Rodrigues Cardoso, Stephano Tomaz da Silva, Josicleide Araújo de Azevedo, Samara Katiane Rolim de Oliveira, Lorenna Raquel Dantas de Macedo Borges, Larissa Araújo Gomes, Maria Amanda Ferreira Quirino, Tatiana Souza
  NeuroRehabilitation: An International, Interdisciplinary Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Anti-Gravity Treadmill Exercise After Total Knee Arthroplasty: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
  Elina Jääskeläinen, Mikko Manninen, Heikki Hurri, Mikko Rantasalo, Yun Zhou, Hannu Kautiainen, Leena Ristolainen
  JMIR Research Protocols.2025; 14: e59935.     CrossRef
• Optimizing Rehabilitation Outcomes for Stroke Survivors: The Impact of Speed and Slope Adjustments in Anti-Gravity Treadmill Training
  Jung-Ho Lee, Eun-Ja Kim
  Medicina.2024; 60(4): 542.     CrossRef
• Increased trailing limb angle in hemiplegic patients after training with a knee orthosis: A randomized controlled trial
  Shun Ito, Hiroaki Abe, Toru Okanuka, Kosuke Nanka, Takuma Nagasawa, Kazuto Oki, Yoshimi Suzukamo, Shin-Ichi Izumi
  NeuroRehabilitation.2024; 54(3): 485.     CrossRef
• General Treatments Promoting Independent Living in Parkinson’s Patients and Physical Therapy Approaches for Improving Gait—A Comprehensive Review
  Dae-Hwan Lee, Bong-Sik Woo, Yong-Hwa Park, Jung-Ho Lee
  Medicina.2024; 60(5): 711.     CrossRef
• Effect of water-based exercise with or without external buoyancy devices in influencing balance improvement in stroke: scoping review
  Ribka Theresia, Farid Rahman
  Fizjoterapia Polska.2024; 24(3): 350.     CrossRef
• Simulating space walking: a systematic review on anti-gravity technology in neurorehabilitation
  Mirjam Bonanno, Maria Grazia Maggio, Angelo Quartarone, Alessandro Marco De Nunzio, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
  Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Safety and Feasibility of Lower Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Training in Individuals with Chronic Stroke: An Exploratory Study
  Sattam M. Almutairi, Moodhi M. Alfouzan, Taghreed S. Almutairi, Hatem A. Alkaabi, Misoon T. AlMulaifi, Marzouq K. Almutairi, Faisal K. Alhuthaifi, Chad Swank
  Brain Sciences.2023; 13(2): 166.     CrossRef
• The Effectiveness of Lower-Body Positive Pressure Treadmill Gait Training on Mobility Function and Quality of Life in Individuals with Chronic Stroke: Prospective Cohort Study
  Sattam Almutairi
  Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• A robotic treadmill system to mimic overground walking training with body weight support
  Jongbum Kim, Seunghue Oh, Yongjin Jo, James Hyungsup Moon, Jonghyun Kim
  Frontiers in Neurorobotics.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Lower body positive pressure treadmill gait training for neurological patients: a systematic review
  Sattam M. Almutairi
  Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

Objective
To compare the outcomes of a 6-month-long accelerated rehabilitation with a 12-month-long rehabilitation. There is no consensus on the optimal duration of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Trends in the past decades have shifted towards accelerated programs, often resulting in a return to play (RTP) at 4–6 months, postoperatively. However, longer rehabilitation cycles have recently experienced renaissance due to a greater understanding of graft remodeling.
Methods
Adult athletes who underwent ACLR between 2015 and 2018 by the same surgeon were included and followed-up prospectively for 24 months. Participants were allocated into two groups based on their RTP (6 months vs. 12 months) and compared with graft elongation, reoperation rate, and sports career (quit or continue) outcomes.
Results
Fifty-four patients underwent accelerated rehabilitation and 92 completed conventional rehabilitation. The accelerated rehabilitation was significantly associated with graft elongation—the accelerated rehabilitation group (n=9) and the conventional rehabilitation group (n=0), p<0.001—and need for reoperation—the accelerated rehabilitation group (n=5) and the conventional rehabilitation group (n=1), p=0.026. Although the relationship between rehabilitation time and quitting competitive sports did not reach significance at 0.05 level (p=0.063), it was significant when p<0.1, thereby showing a clear trend.
Conclusion
Accelerated rehabilitation increased graft elongation risk. Knee laxity ≥3 mm measured at 6 months after ACLR should be accompanied by RTP time frame re-evaluation. Arthrometry checkups or routine magnetic resonance imaging shortly after RTP may be considered in cases of accelerated rehabilitation.

Citations

• Movement Assessments as Predictors for Initial Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Critically Appraised Topic
  Destinee Johnson, Rebecca Maldonado, Erin Lally
  Journal of Sport Rehabilitation.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the elderly: 5-Year follow-up study
  Takayuki Kurokawa, Károly Csete, Péter Jávor, Lilla Sándor, Bálint Baráth, Helga Holovic, László Török, Petra Hartmann
  Injury.2024; 55: 111529.     CrossRef
• Blood Flow Restriction Training and Its Use in Rehabilitation After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
  Jamaal Butt, Zubair Ahmed
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(20): 6265.     CrossRef
• Reasons for the Variability of Rehabilitation Programs and the Perspective of the Standardized Guidelines Development for Patients after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
  V.V. Kotiuk, O.O. Kostrub, I.A. Zasadniuk, D.O. Smirnov, V.A. Podik, R.I. Blonskyi
  TERRA ORTHOPAEDICA.2023; (3(118)): 64.     CrossRef

Objective
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 8 weeks of resistance circuit training in people with paraplegia due to spinal cord injury.
Methods
Participants were randomized into experimental and control groups. Although the intensity and sequence of movements of the exercise programs were identical in both groups, the resting time between sets was limited to 1 minute in the experimental group. In the control group, the participants were allowed to rest until they were comfortable. Both groups received 8 weeks of training twice per week. Before and after the program, muscle mass, body fat percentage, fat mass, blood pressure, heart rate, muscle strength and muscular endurance were evaluated, and 6-minute propulsion test was conducted. Additionally, the safety of the program was assessed.
Results
Twenty-two individuals with paraplegia were enrolled (11 in each group). After the training program, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in the resting blood pressure and improvement in the upper extremity muscle mass, strength, and endurance (p<0.05). Each variable showed significant inter-group differences (p<0.05). Furthermore, none of the participants showed autonomic adverse events, musculoskeletal side effects, or discomfort.
Conclusion
The results show that resistance circuit training programs with short resting intervals are superior to the usual resistance exercise programs in improving the blood pressure and physical strength and are safe for people with upper thoracic level injuries at T6 or higher.

Citations

• Effectiveness of a Community-Based Exercise Program for Ambulatory Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial
  Sungchul Huh, Yuna Kim, Hyun-Yoon Ko, Mi Sook Yun, Yong Il Shin, Jung Lim Lee, Sung-Hwa Ko
  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2025; 106(4): 481.     CrossRef
• A three-arm randomized controlled trial of aerobic and resistance training in women with spinal cord injuries: Effects on physical fitness and pulmonary function
  Amir Hossein Haghighi, Atefeh Ahmadi, Roya Askari, Hadi Shahrabadi, Jeremy A. Moody, Joshua M. Miller, Filipe Clemente, Paulo Gentil
  Heliyon.2024; 10(13): e32538.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of Circuit and Fartlek Exercises to Increase Aerobic Endurance in Adolescent Futsal Players
  M Haris Satria, Juhanis Juhanis, Mohamad Da'i, Lalu Moh Yudha Isnaini, Khaerul Anam, Karlina Dwijayanti
  International Journal of Disabilities Sports and Health Sciences.2024; 7(4): 782.     CrossRef
• Multicomponent Training in Progressive Phases Improves Functional Capacity, Physical Capacity, Quality of Life, and Exercise Motivation in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial
  Emilio Jofré-Saldía, Álvaro Villalobos-Gorigoitía, Cristián Cofré-Bolados, Gerson Ferrari, Gemma María Gea-García
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2023; 20(3): 2755.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of a Physical-Psychological Integrative (PPI) intervention for community-dwelling spinal cord injury survivors: Study protocol of a preliminary randomized controlled trial
  Yan Li, Arnold Wong, Wai Man Chung, Mengqi Li, Alex Molasiotis, Daniel Bressington, Christina Zong-Hao Ma, Patrick Pui Kin Kor, Wing Fai Yeung, Victor Afamefuna Egwuonwu
  PLOS ONE.2023; 18(3): e0282846.     CrossRef

Objective
To develop an objective and quantitative clinical evaluation tool that can be used for diagnosis and severity assessment of dysarthria in patients with stroke.
Methods
A prototype test comprising 23 items was developed to test the function of each speech organ. The scoring of the prototype test was based on the analysis of the result values obtained from 50 healthy individuals. The test was performed for 50 patients with stroke who were suspected to have dysarthria. For evaluating the correlation between each prototype test item and the Urimal Test of Articulation and Phonation (U-TAP), the odds ratio was obtained for each result, based on which the final test items for composing the Korea Dysarthria Test (KDT) were selected. The validity of the test was evaluated using the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve. We used the intraclass correlation coefficients to quantify inter- and intra-rater reliability. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used for examining the correlation between the KDT and the Speech Mechanism Screening Test and U-TAP.
Results
Among the 23 prototype test items, 16 exhibiting significant results were finally selected as the KDT. The higher score of the KDT is reflected the better speaking function. The sensitivity and specificity of the KDT were shown to be high at the cutoff value of 76.50 point.
Conclusion
KDT is a useful evaluation tool for dysarthria, showing a significant correlation with SMST and U-TAP.

Citations

• Correlation Between Articulatory Diadochokinetic Parameters and Dysphagia Parameters in Subacute Stroke Patients
  Back Min Oh, Hyun Seok, Sang-Hyun Kim, Seung Yeol Lee, Su Jung Park, Beom Jin Kim, Hyun Jung Kim
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(3): 192.     CrossRef
• Destruction of Vowel Space Area in Patients with Dysphagia after Stroke
  Min Kyu Choi, Seung Don Yoo, Eo Jin Park
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2022; 19(20): 13301.     CrossRef

The survival rate of cancer is increasing as treatment improves. As patients with cancer now live longer, impairments may arise that impact quality of life (QOL) and function. Therefore, a focus on QOL is often as important as survival. An interdisciplinary team can achieve goal-oriented and patient-centered rehabilitation, which can optimize function and QOL, and minimize impairments, restrictions, and activity limitations. In most cases, cancer patients must be active participants in therapy and exhibit carryover. Patients with cancer often have impairments that include fatigue, pain, brain fog, impaired cognition, paresis, mood disorders, difficulty with activities of daily living (ADL), bowel/bladder/sexual dysfunction, and bone and soft tissue involvement. Adaptive equipment, exercise, and ADL training can mitigate restrictions on activity. The trajectory and phase of the disease along the continuum of cancer care may influence the goals of rehabilitation in that time window. QOL is often influenced by participation in vocational, recreational, and home-based activities. A holistic perspective should include an analysis of distress, socioeconomic barriers, and transportation limitations when addressing issues.

Citations

• Effects of Cancer Rehabilitation Interventions for Women Treated for Gynaecological Cancers: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
  Liuxin Zhang, Ankie Tan Cheung, Yongfeng Chen, Ka Ming Chow
  Journal of Clinical Nursing.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Perceived bioethical issues in cancer rehabilitation: a qualitative study among Italian physiotherapists
  Gianluca Bertoni, Simone Battista, Valentina Conti, Marco Testa, Sara Patuzzo Manzati
  Archives of Physiotherapy.2025; : 19.     CrossRef
• Physical Activity in Lower-Extremity Sarcoma Survivors: Specific Recommendations and Program Design
  Lucía Guerrero Romero, Mar Cepero González, Francisco J. Rojas-Ruiz
  Journal of Physical Activity and Health.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Bridging the gap: Advancing occupational therapy in cancer recovery for better outcomes
  Amanda dos Santos Pereira, Alexander Miller, Amos Olalekan Akinyemi
  Journal of Medicine, Surgery, and Public Health.2025; 6: 100196.     CrossRef
• Physiotherapists' training in oncology rehabilitation from entry‐level to advanced education: A qualitative study
  Gianluca Bertoni, Valentina Conti, Marco Testa, Ilaria Coppola, Stefania Costi, Simone Battista
  Physiotherapy Research International.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The efficacy of progressive muscle relaxation training on cancer-related fatigue and quality of life in patients with cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies
  Yajiao Wang, Liu Yang, Guijiao Lin, Bichun Huang, Xia Sheng, Ligang Wang, Liuyin Chen, Xiahua Qiu, Xinlei Wu, Rujia Lin
  International Journal of Nursing Studies.2024; 152: 104694.     CrossRef
• Reasons for non-participation in cancer rehabilitation: a scoping literature review
  Mikala Erlik, Helle Timm, Anders Thyge Steen Larsen, Morten Quist
  Supportive Care in Cancer.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Obesity and Cancer Rehabilitation for Functional Recovery and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Comprehensive Review
  Lorenzo Lippi, Alessandro de Sire, Arianna Folli, Alessio Turco, Stefano Moalli, Marco Marcasciano, Antonio Ammendolia, Marco Invernizzi
  Cancers.2024; 16(3): 521.     CrossRef
• Association of cancer diagnosis with disability status among older survivors of colorectal cancer: a population-based retrospective cohort study
  Shiming Zhang, Lin-Na Chou, Michael D. Swartz, Hemalkumar B. Mehta, James S. Goodwin, Yong-Fang Kuo, Sharon Hermes Giordano, Carole A. Tucker, Karen M. Basen-Engquist, Elizabeth J. Lyons, Brian Downer, Susan K. Peterson, Tru Cao, Maria C. Swartz
  Frontiers in Oncology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Impact of Virtual Reality on Pain, ROM, Muscle Strength and Quality of Life among Breast Cancer Patients: An Integrative Review of Literature
  Abhishek Sharma, Nidhi Sharma, Aksh Chahal
  Pain Management Nursing.2024; 25(5): 538.     CrossRef
• Occupational Therapy and Cancer: Perspectives of Patients and Health Care Providers
  Marisa Monbrod, Yaseena Gurra, Connor Graves, Krimaben Mehta, Lisa Jean Knecht-Sabres
  Journal of Rehabilitation Practices and Research.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Explaining needs for rehabilitation in patients with bone sarcoma and a megaprosthesis: a qualitative, grounded theory study
  Jorinde JPM. Denissen, Ingrid CM. van der Geest, Gerben van Hinte, Ingrid ME. Desar, Philip J. van der Wees, Niek Koenders
  Disability and Rehabilitation.2024; : 1.     CrossRef
• Performance of Activities of Daily Living in Typically Developing Children in Korea: Normative Value of K-MBI
  Mi-Jeong Yoon, Sungwoo Paek, Jongbin Lee, Youngdeok Hwang, Joon-Sung Kim, Yeun-Jie Yoo, Bo Young Hong
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(4): 281.     CrossRef
• Rehabilitation of oncological patients: a comparative analysis of clinical guidelines for managing oncological patients with renal parenchyma cancer, bladder cancer and female cancer in Russia, Europe, and USA
  D. A. Petrenko, A. G. Aleksandrov
  Journal of Medical Rehabilitation.2024; 1(1): 80.     CrossRef
• Behavior change theory and behavior change technique use in cancer rehabilitation interventions: a secondary analysis
  M. Lauren VOSS, Rachelle BRICK, Lynne S. PADGETT, Stephen WECHSLER, Yash JOSHI, Genevieve AMMENDOLIA TOMÉ, Sasha ARBID, Grace CAMPBELL, Kristin L. CAMPBELL, Dima EL HASSANIEH, Caroline KLEIN, Adrienne LAM, Kathleen D. LYONS, Aisha SABIR, Alix G. SLEIGHT,
  European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Differences in the Analgesic Effect of Opioids on Pain in Cancer Patients With Spinal Metastases
  Miho Takemura, Kazuyuki Niki, Yoshiaki Okamoto, Hiroshi Tamura, Tomohiro Kawamura, Makie Kohno, Yoshinobu Matsuda, Kenji Ikeda
  Palliative Medicine Reports.2023; 4(1): 220.     CrossRef
• User-Centered Development of a Mobile App to Assess the Quality of Life of Patients With Cancer: Iterative Investigation and Usability Testing
  Chantal N L Beutter, Katharina Zeller, Uwe M Martens, Bettina Pfleiderer, Christian Fegeler
  JMIR Cancer.2023; 9: e44985.     CrossRef
• Selenium in Cancer Rehabilitation—A Retrospective Study from a Specialized Clinic
  Christina Pfister, Joerg Schoenemann
  Nutrients.2023; 15(17): 3827.     CrossRef
• Recent Trends in Rehabilitation for Cancer Patients
  Kwan-Sik Seo
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2022; 46(3): 111.     CrossRef
• Cancer Rehabilitation Fact Sheet in Korea
  Jin A Yoon, Bo Young Hong
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2022; 46(4): 155.     CrossRef

This dementia epidemiology fact sheet 2022 is aimed at providing an overview of the epidemiology of dementia in Korea using representative government-led data. This review summarizes the prevalence and incidence of this condition using various types of data. The prevalence and incidence of dementia have increased and are predicted to continue to do so. This information will be utilized by public health officials, healthcare professionals, and policymakers to develop strategies for dementia rehabilitation and prevention.

Citations

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  Shrawani Lamichhane, Jo-Eun Seo, Ji Hoon Jeong, Sooyeun Lee, Sangkil Lee
  Archives of Pharmacal Research.2025; 48(1): 62.     CrossRef
• Effectiveness of a Dyadic Technology–Enhanced Home-Based Horticultural Therapy on Psychosocial Well-Being Among People With Dementia and Their Family Caregivers: Multimethods Pilot Study
  Patrick Pui Kin Kor, Justina Yat Wa Liu, Arkers Kwan Ching Wong, Alex Pak Lik Tsang, Han Zhi Tan, Daphne Sze Ki Cheung, Humphrey Kwong Wai Leung, Frances Kam Yuet Wong
  JMIR Aging.2025; 8: e66017.     CrossRef
• Carboxylated Zn-phthalocyanine attenuates brain Aβ in AD model mouse
  Ruochen Wang, Abul Kalam Azad, Abdullah Md Sheikh, Shatera Tabassum, Yuchi Zhang, Xiaojing Zhou, Jubo Bhuiya, Fatema Binte Abdullah, Shozo Yano, Takahisa Ikeue, Atsushi Nagai
  Brain Research.2025; 1850: 149422.     CrossRef
• Cognitive impairment and domain‐specific life satisfaction among older adults: Findings from the Korean National Longitudinal Study on Aging
  Inmyung Song, Dong‐Sook Kim
  Geriatrics & Gerontology International.2025; 25(2): 182.     CrossRef
• Mapping amyloid beta predictors of entorhinal tau in preclinical Alzheimer's disease
  Jafar Zamani, Amirali Vahid, Bárbara Avelar‐Pereira, Elveda Gozdas, S. M. Hadi Hosseini
  Alzheimer's & Dementia.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Development of coumarin-inspired bifunctional hybrids as a new class of anti-Alzheimer's agents with potent in vivo efficacy
  Atamjit Singh, Aman Sharma, Karanvir Singh, Kirandeep Kaur, Pallvi Mohana, Jignesh Prajapati, Uttam Kaur, Dweipayan Goswami, Saroj Arora, Renu Chadha, Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
  RSC Medicinal Chemistry.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Multisensory Stimulation in Rehabilitation of Dementia: A Systematic Review
  Andrea Calderone, Angela Marra, Rosaria De Luca, Desirèe Latella, Francesco Corallo, Angelo Quartarone, Francesco Tomaiuolo, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò
  Biomedicines.2025; 13(1): 149.     CrossRef
• A Live Video Resiliency Dyadic Intervention for Persons With Dementia and Their Care-Partners Early After Diagnosis: Protocol for Open Pilot of Resilient Together for Dementia
  Sydney McCage, Kristin Walker, Talea Cornelius, Robert A Parker, Kristen Dams-O'Connor, Brad Dickerson, Christine Ritchie, Ana-Maria Vranceanu, Sarah Bannon
  JMIR Research Protocols.2025; 14: e60382.     CrossRef
• LiveDrive AI: A Pilot Study of a Machine Learning-Powered Diagnostic System for Real-Time, Non-Invasive Detection of Mild Cognitive Impairment
  Firas Al-Hindawi, Peter Serhan, Yonas E. Geda, Francis Tsow, Teresa Wu, Erica Forzani
  Bioengineering.2025; 12(1): 86.     CrossRef
• Interventions of cognitive impairment in older adults: A comprehensive review
  Shivani Chib, Kajal Sharma, Randhir Singh
  Aging and Health Research.2025; 5(1): 100223.     CrossRef
• Natural disaster-induced dementia and cognitive decline: A meta-analysis and systematic review
  Jacob Thompson, Maryam Vasefi
  Social Science & Medicine.2025; 371: 117898.     CrossRef
• A systematic review of in vivo brain insulin resistance biomarkers in humans
  Graham Reid, Brendan Sargent, Sarah Bauermeister, Amanda Adler, Ivan Koychev
  Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry.2025; 12: 100125.     CrossRef
• Advancing Alzheimer's Therapy with Moringa oleifera: Bioactive Insights, Mechanistic Pathways, and Strategies for Efficacy and Standardization
  Nur Irlia Sofea Mohammad Zamani, Faidruz Azura Jam, Liew Jia Yi, Chua Wan Yi, Tharani Rajendran, Pearlyne Willie Wong, April Tang Yee Ying, Ummi Kalthum Azlan, Hamizah Shahirah Hamezah, Ahmed Mediani, Emelda Rosseleena Rohani
  The Open Medicinal Chemistry Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Clinical Significance of Early-Onset Alzheimer’s Mutations in Asian and Western Populations: A Scoping Review
  Prevathe Poniah, Aswir Abdul Rashed, Julaina Abdul Jalil, Ernie Zuraida Ali
  Genes.2025; 16(3): 345.     CrossRef
• Class balancing diversity multimodal ensemble for Alzheimer’s disease diagnosis and early detection
  Arianna Francesconi, Lazzaro di Biase, Donato Cappetta, Fabio Rebecchi, Paolo Soda, Rosa Sicilia, Valerio Guarrasi
  Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics.2025; 123: 102529.     CrossRef
• Agarwood as a neuroprotective agent: a comprehensive review of existing evidence and potential avenues for future research
  Ankur Das, Khaleda Begum, Raja Ahmed, Suraiya Akhtar, Tanisha Neog, Abhijit Sarma, Amartya Chakraborty, Sofia Banu
  Phytochemistry Reviews.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Who Dies Alone? Demographics, Underlying Diseases, and Healthcare Utilization Patterns of Lonely Death Individuals in Korea
  Haibin Bai, Jae-ryun Lee, Min Jung Kang, Young-Ho Jun, Hye Yeon Koo, Jieun Yun, Jee Hoon Sohn, Jin Yong Lee, Hyejin Lee
  Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2025; 58(2): 218.     CrossRef
• Higher dietary vitamin D intake influences brain and mental function in elderly Americans: a cross-sectional analysis
  Huizhen Chen, Xing Pang, Yinhui Huang
  Frontiers in Nutrition.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Plumbagin as a potential therapeutic agent for scopolamine-induced Alzheimer’s disease: Mechanistic insights into GSK-3β inhibition
  Rabiya Ahsan, Mohd Muazzam Khan, Anuradha Mishra, Gazala Noor, Usama Ahmad
  Brain Research.2025; : 149650.     CrossRef
• Associations among tooth loss, denture use, and dementia in older Taiwanese adults
  Yi-Wen Chen, Chung-Yi Li, Shang-Chi Lee, Li-Jung Elizabeth Ku, Yu-Tsung Chou, Arief Hargono, Chang‑Ta Chiu, Wen-Hsuan Hou
  Journal of the Chinese Medical Association.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Implementation of Non-pharmacological Interventions in Dementia Care: Family Caregiver Perspective
  Sabrina D. Ross, Nadja Ziegert, Francisca S. Rodriguez
  Home Health Care Management & Practice.2024; 36(1): 20.     CrossRef
• Myeloid cells in vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease: Possible therapeutic targets?
  Alicia García‐Culebras, María Isabel Cuartero, Carolina Peña‐Martínez, Ana Moraga, Sandra Vázquez‐Reyes, Francisco Javier de Castro‐Millán, Marta Cortes‐Canteli, Ignacio Lizasoain, María Ángeles Moro
  British Journal of Pharmacology.2024; 181(6): 777.     CrossRef
• Coupling of Alzheimer’s Disease Genetic Risk Factors with Viral Susceptibility and Inflammation
  Can Cao, Gaoshuang Fu, Ruodan Xu, Ning Li
  Aging and disease.2024; 15(5): 2028.     CrossRef
• Prediction of survival of persons with advanced dementia using the advanced dementia prognostic tool: A 2-year prospective study
  Junjin Liu, Xuebing Li, Weihua Yu, Bei Liu, Wuhan Yu, Wenbo Zhang, Cheng Hu, Zhangjin Qin, Yu Chen, Yang Lü
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• Potential molecular pathways of angiotensin receptor blockers in the brain toward cognitive improvement in dementia
  Varnita Karmakar, Bapi Gorain
  Drug Discovery Today.2024; 29(1): 103850.     CrossRef
• APOE-ε4 Alleles Modify the Decline of MMSE Scores Associated With Time-Dependent PM2.5 Exposure: Findings From a Community-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study
  Po-Jen Hsiao, Chih-Da Wu, Pei-Yi Wong, Mu-Chi Chung, Yu-Wan Yang, Laing-You Wu, Kai-Yu Hsiao, Chi-Jung Chung
  The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry.2024; 32(9): 1080.     CrossRef
• Neurotrophin growth factors and their receptors as promising blood biomarkers for Alzheimer’s Disease: a gene expression analysis study
  Mohammad Reza Asadi, Jalal Gharesouran, Hani Sabaie, Morteza Zaboli Mahdiabadi, Seyed Amirhossein Mazhari, Mirmohsen Sharifi-Bonab, Zeinab Shirvani-Farsani, Mohammad Taheri, Arezou Sayad, Maryam Rezazadeh
  Molecular Biology Reports.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Changes in dementia treatment patterns associated with changes in the National Policy in South Korea among patients with newly diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease between 2011 and 2017: results from the multicenter, retrospective CAPTAIN study
  Young Jin Kim, Ki-Youn So, Hyo Min Lee, Changtae Hahn, Seung-Hoon Song, Yong-Seok Lee, Sang Woo Kim, Heui Cheun Park, Jaehyung Ryu, Jung Seok Lee, Min Ju Kang, JinRan Kim, Yoona Lee, Jun Hong Lee
  BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Relationship Between Fermented Dairy Consumption with Cognitive Function Among Older US Adults: Data from the NHANES 2011–2014
  Yinlian Han, Mu Yang, Min Tian, Yang Yang, Wen Liu, Yiming Liu
  Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.2024; 97(4): 1877.     CrossRef
• Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) extract attenuates chronic scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment, amyloid beta, and neurofibrillary tangles accumulation in rats
  Komal S. Patel, Abhay Dharamsi, Madhu Priya, Sanskar Jain, Vishal Mandal, Aboli Girme, Siddharth J. Modi, Lal Hingorani
  Journal of Ethnopharmacology.2024; 326: 117898.     CrossRef
• Effect of intensity of persistent social isolation on mental health in the late middle‐aged and older population: results of the Korea Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006–2020)
  Jeong Min Yang, Jae Hyun Kim, Ji Eun Hwang
  Psychogeriatrics.2024; 24(2): 391.     CrossRef
• Loneliness, depression, and cognitive function among Iranian older adults: is gender important?
  Fatemeh Salmani, Mozhgan Moshtagh, Sara Hamdamian, Mitra Moodi, Farshad Sharifi
  Current Psychology.2024; 43(21): 19091.     CrossRef
• Exploring the Intersection of Dementia and Myocardial Infarction: Vascular Perspectives
  Anjali Goyal, Adrianus Ekelmans, William Frishman
  Cardiology in Review.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Identification of IGF-1 Effects on White Adipose Tissue and Hippocampus in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice via Transcriptomic and Cellular Analysis
  Young-Kook Kim, Danbi Jo, Archana Arjunan, Yeongseo Ryu, Yeong-Hwan Lim, Seo Yoon Choi, Hee Kyung Kim, Juhyun Song
  International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2024; 25(5): 2567.     CrossRef
• Cognitive Function in Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review of Evidence and Mechanisms
  Rakesh Agarwal, Phillip J. Tully, Rajiv Mahajan
  Heart and Mind.2024; 8(2): 100.     CrossRef
• Multifunctional Liposomes Targeting Amyloid‐β Oligomers for Early Diagnosis and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease
  Sudipta Senapati, Kuldeep Tripathi, Khadeja Awad, Shai Rahimipour
  Small.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• An exploration of how specialist dementia nurses perceive and maintain the skills and competencies that frame their specialism: A qualitative survey
  Pat Brown, Claudia Cooper, Karen Harrison Dening, Juanita Hoe, Alexandra Burton
  Heliyon.2024; 10(7): e27856.     CrossRef
• Prioritization of genes for translation: a computational approach
  Simone C. da Silva Rosa, Amir Barzegar Behrooz, Sofia Guedes, Rui Vitorino, Saeid Ghavami
  Expert Review of Proteomics.2024; 21(4): 125.     CrossRef
• A Multi-Modal Classification Method for Early Diagnosis of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease Using Three Paradigms With Various Task Difficulties
  Sheng Chen, Chutian Zhang, Hongjun Yang, Liang Peng, Haiqun Xie, Zeping Lv, Zeng-Guang Hou
  IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering.2024; 32: 1456.     CrossRef
• Mechanistic insights and emerging therapeutic stratagems for Alzheimer’s disease
  Kayalvizhi Rajendran, Uma Maheswari Krishnan
  Ageing Research Reviews.2024; 97: 102309.     CrossRef
• Interplay of age, gender, education, and heart rate in dementia among older adults in Wakiso, Uganda: a cross sectional study
  Kamada Lwere, Hakim Sendagire, Haruna Muwonge, Gumukiriza-Onoria JL, Aisha Nazziwa, Denis Buwembo, Noeline Nakasujja, Kaddumukasa Mark
  F1000Research.2024; 13: 448.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of knowledge and attitudes regarding Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia among medical students in Palestine: A cross-sectional study
  Mohammad Abuawad, Ahmad Rjoub, Yazan Dumaidi, Motaz Daraghma, Mustafa Ghanim, Maha Rabayaa, Johnny Amer, Shahabedin Rahmatizadeh
  PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0304012.     CrossRef
• Edaravone Dexborneol ameliorates the cognitive deficits of APP/PS1 mice by inhibiting TLR4/MAPK signaling pathway via upregulating TREM2
  Jinyang Wang, Longyuan Du, Tianyun Zhang, Yun Chu, Yue Wang, Yu Wang, Xiaoming Ji, Yunxiao Kang, Rui Cui, Guoliang Zhang, Junyan Liu, Geming Shi
  Neuropharmacology.2024; 255: 110006.     CrossRef
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Objective
To analyze how Pilates exercises affect standing, walking, and balance in children with diplegic cerebral palsy throughout a 10-week program.
Methods
We included 40 children aged 7–9 years with diplegic cerebral palsy, and randomly allocated them into two groups of the same size: conventional therapy group (group A) and conventional therapy+Pilates group (group B). We administered the same conventional physical therapy program to both groups for 45 minutes, with group B receiving additional Pilates exercises for 45 minutes. Both groups attended the intervention program three times/week for 10 weeks. We used the Growth Motor Function Measure Scale (GMFM-88) to evaluate standing and walking (Dimensions D and E), and the Pediatric Balance Scale to evaluate balance function before and after treatment.
Results
Comparison of the average values of all measured variables before and after therapy showed a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the two groups. All measured variables showed a significant difference between groups A and B, in favor of group B (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Pilates exercise in addition to conventional therapy is more effective in improving balance and gross motor function in children with diplegic cerebral palsy than the conventional therapy alone.

Citations

• Effects of mind-body exercise in children with cerebral palsy—A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Ye Long, Xinping Jiang, Juan Li, Bingxue Liu
  Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2025; 58: 101930.     CrossRef
• Virtual Reality Rehabilitation Helps to Improve Postural Balance in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Control Trial
  Mohamed A. Abdel Ghafar, Osama R. Abdelraouf, Eman M. Harraz, Mohamed K. Seyam, Walaa E. Morsy, Wafaa Mahmoud Amin, Hanaa Mohsen Abd-Elfattah
  Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics.2025; : 1.     CrossRef
• Optimization of Postural Control, Balance, and Mobility in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Comparative Analysis of Independent and Integrated Effects of Pilates and Plyometrics
  Ragab K. Elnaggar, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Alshimaa R. Azab, Saud M. Alrawaili, Mshari Alghadier, Mazyad A. Alotaibi, Ahmed S. Alhowimel, Mohamed S. Abdrabo, Mohammed F. Elbanna, Ahmed M. Aboeleneen, Walaa E. Morsy
  Children.2024; 11(2): 243.     CrossRef
• Differences in the effectiveness of adding Bobath Exercise with (task-oriented training) on the balance of children with Cerebral Palsy
  Suharto Anwar, Sri Saadiyah Leksonowati, Suriani Suriani, Dwi Rustianto
  International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science.2024; 2(02): 667.     CrossRef
• Effects of Standing Board on Antigravity Muscles in Children with Cerebral Palsy Aging between 3 to 10 Years; A Multi-Centered Randomized Control Trial
  Aqsa Faiz, Bushra Zaman, Mubushara Afzal, Malik Osama, Mustafa Zaveri
  Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2024; : 11.     CrossRef
• Effect of Pilates exercises on balance and gross motor coordination in children with Down syndrome
  Alaa AL-Nemr, Shimaa Reffat
  Acta Neurologica Belgica.2024; 124(5): 1499.     CrossRef
• Association Between Calf Muscle Tone, Plantar Surface Area, and Gross Motor Function in Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
  Hisham Hussein, Amsha Alshammari, Hand Alshammari, Monira Aldhahi, Yahya Suwaidi, Ahmed Ibrahim
  International Journal of General Medicine.2024; Volume 17: 4037.     CrossRef
• Effects of Pilates Exercise Training on Static Balance and Lower Limbs Proprioception in Adult Females With and Without Flexible Flatfeet
  Maryam Ghorbani, Rasoul Yaali, Hassan Sadeghi, Urs Granacher
  Foot & Ankle Specialist.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Effects of Modified Pilates Training on Hemodynamic Responses in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Single-Blinded Randomised Controlled Study
  Hatice Adıgüzel, Bülent Elbasan
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• Effects of Pilates in children and adolescents – A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Fabíola Unbehaun Cibinello, Jessica Caroliny de Jesus Neves, Paola Janeiro Valenciano, Dirce Shizuko Fujisawa, Carlos Augusto Marçal Camillo
  Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies.2023; 35: 400.     CrossRef
• An Intensive Combination of Bobath Therapy and Core Stability Exercises Is More Effective In Improving the Sitting Balance of Cerebral Palsy Children
  Suharto Anwar, Suriani Suriani, Asmawati Gasma
  International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science.2023; 1(03): 527.     CrossRef

Objective
To determine the effects of the Paraplegia Fitness Integrated Training (PARAFiT) program, which is an integrated graded physical exercise and health education program for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods
This nonrandomized single-blind study included 44 participants, who were assigned to either an intervention (PARAFiT) group or an active control (conventional physiotherapy) group. The intervention group underwent the PARAFiT program (8 weeks), which consisted of circuit-based interval training, progressive upper limb resistance training, and health education sessions. During the unsupervised period, the intervention group continuously underwent health education program once a month for 2 months (8 weeks). Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used for the analysis.
Results
The intervention group presented with a higher level of physical activity than did the control group; however, the difference was not significant (p=0.36). Additionally, the intervention group presented with better exercise self-efficacy and cardiorespiratory fitness and stronger bilateral shoulder muscle and handgrip than did the control group (all p<0.05). Exercise adherence was higher in the intervention group than in the control group during both the supervised (80% vs. 75%) and unsupervised (40% vs. 20%) periods.
Conclusion
The PARAFiT program enhanced the level of physical activity, exercise self-efficacy, physical fitness, and exercise adherence among the patients with SCI. Future studies should incorporate guidelines for home-based exercises and regular monitoring to promote long-term adherence to exercise and physical activity among individuals with SCI.

Citations

• The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health Among Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: Protocol for a Scoping Review
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  JMIR Research Protocols.2024; 13: e56081.     CrossRef
• Effects of behaviour change interventions on physical activity in people with spinal cord injury: A systematic review and meta-analysis
  Paul K. Watson, Aitthanatt C. Eitivipart, Glen M. Davis, Mohit Arora, James W. Middleton, Camila Quel De Oliveira
  Psychology of Sport and Exercise.2023; 67: 102408.     CrossRef
• Feasibility, Usability, and Safety of ParaGym, an Intelligent Mobile Exercise App for Individuals With Paraplegia: Protocol for a Pilot Block-Randomized Controlled Trial
  Janika Bolz, Adrian Löscher, Rainer Muhl, Andreas Badke, Hans-Georg Predel, Claudio Perret
  JMIR Research Protocols.2023; 12: e45652.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors for Suicidality in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury: A Focus on Physical and Functional Characteristics
  Sora Han, Wooyeung Kim, Onyoo Kim
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(5): 377.     CrossRef

Objective
To assess the validity of different anthropometric measures (waist circumference [WC], body mass index [BMI], and percentage body fat) in diagnosing metabolic syndrome (MetS) among individuals with SCI and provides preliminary data for future studies in setting obesity cutoff values for this population.
Methods
This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. Sample information, anthropometric measures, and MetS variables of 157 individuals with chronic SCI were collected from an electronic medical records database.
Results
Increasing age (odds ratio [OR]=1.040, p=0.016) and lower neurological level of injury (OR=1.059, p=0.046) were risk factors for MetS. Male BMI (r=0.380, p<0.001) and male WC (r=0.346, p<0.001) were positively correlated with the number of MetS subfactors. Individuals with non-obese WC, excluding central obesity, were associated with having no MetS subfactors (p=0.005), and individuals with obese WC were associated with one or more subfactors (p=0.005). BMI was associated with MetS diagnosis (area under the curve=0.765, p<0.001), with the calculated cutoff value for BMI being 22.8 kg/m².
Conclusion
This study calls for a stricter BMI cutoff for individuals with SCI in diagnosing MetS and warrants a large population-based study to define central obesity according to sex and ethnicity.

Citations

• Physical and emotional consequences of excess weight as experienced by individuals with spinal cord injuries
  Sherri L. LaVela, Justina Wu, Alex H.S. Harris, Susan M. Frayne, Andrea L. Nevedal, Katherine D. Arnow, Nicolas B. Barreto, Kristen Davis, Dan Eisenberg
  The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine.2024; 47(3): 412.     CrossRef
• Correlates of metabolic syndrome in people with chronic spinal cord injury
  F. Di Giulio, C. Castellini, S. Palazzi, D. Tienforti, F. Antolini, G. Felzani, M. Giorgio Baroni, A. Barbonetti
  Journal of Endocrinological Investigation.2024; 47(8): 2097.     CrossRef
• Increased Risk of Myocardial Infarction, Heart Failure, and Atrial Fibrillation After Spinal Cord Injury
  Jung Eun Yoo, Miso Kim, Bongseong Kim, Heesun Lee, Won Hyuk Chang, Jeehyun Yoo, Kyungdo Han, Dong Wook Shin
  Journal of the American College of Cardiology.2024; 83(7): 741.     CrossRef
• The Clinical Management of Electrical Stimulation Therapies in the Rehabilitation of Individuals with Spinal Cord Injuries
  David R. Dolbow, Ines Bersch, Ashraf S. Gorgey, Glen M. Davis
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(10): 2995.     CrossRef
• Racial differences in serological markers across the first year of injury in spinal cord injury: a retrospective analysis of a multi-center interventional study
  Jia Li, Matthew Farrow, Kerollos Ibrahim, Dana M. McTigue, John Kramer, Bobo Tong, Catherine Jutzeler, Linda Jones, Ceren Yarar-Fisher
  Spinal Cord.2024; 62(8): 486.     CrossRef
• Effect of Detraining on Muscle Strength, Functional Capacity, Mental Health, and Body Composition in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury
  Lucas Almada, Lucas Santos, Karla Freitas, Joel Rodrigues, Elizângela Diniz, Mauro Mazini-Filho, Luís Leitão, Eveline Pereira, Cláudia Oliveira, Osvaldo Moreira
  International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.2024; 21(7): 900.     CrossRef
• Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Visceral Adipose Tissue Thickness among Lean and Non-Lean People with and without Spinal Cord Injury
  Amy L. Kimball, Michael A. Petrie, Patrick M. McCue, Kristin A. Johnson, Richard K. Shields
  Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology.2023; 8(3): 123.     CrossRef
• The Diagnosis and Management of Cardiometabolic Risk and Cardiometabolic Syndrome after Spinal Cord Injury
  Gary J. Farkas, Adam M. Burton, David W. McMillan, Alicia Sneij, David R. Gater
  Journal of Personalized Medicine.2022; 12(7): 1088.     CrossRef

Objective
To develop a set of reference standards for tibial motor, common peroneal motor, sural sensory, and superficial peroneal sensory nerve conduction studies (NCSs) with expanded uncertainty in a healthy Korean population.
Methods
Standardized procedures were conducted for individual lower extremity NCSs of 199 healthy participants in their 20s (n=100) and 50s (n=99). Mean values and expanded uncertainties for parameters were analyzed with thorough consideration of multiple uncertainty factors under the International Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement. In addition, side-to-side differences in onset latency, amplitude, and nerve conduction velocity (NCV) were analyzed.
Results
Mean (reference range) for distal onset latency, baseline to negative peak amplitude, NCV of tibial motor nerve in males in their 20s were 4.3 ms (3.1–5.4 ms), 7.1 mV (3.4–10.9 mV), and 50.7 m/s (42.2–59.3 m/s), respectively; sural sensory nerve baseline to negative peak amplitude in males in their 20s was 21.7 μV (8.3–35.2 μV). Including the aforementioned data, we present a vast dataset of normative mean values and expanded uncertainties for NCSs of the leg in a healthy Korean population. Furthermore, upper limits for normal side-to-side differences for onset latency, amplitude, and NCV of each nerve are suggested.
Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first study to present the reference standards of leg NCSs with consideration for multifactorial uncertainties in an Asian population. We expect these results to help practitioners make reliable and reproducible clinical decisions.

Citations

• Einfluss des Patientenalters auf Parameter der Elektroneurographie
  Vera Kleinveld, Christian Eggers, Wolfgang Löscher, Cristina Cerinza Sick
  Klinische Neurophysiologie.2024; 55(01): 8.     CrossRef
• Revisiting the compound muscle action potential (CMAP)
  Paul E. Barkhaus, Sanjeev D. Nandedkar, Mamede de Carvalho, Michael Swash, Erik V. Stålberg
  Clinical Neurophysiology Practice.2024; 9: 176.     CrossRef
• Reference Standard of Median Nerve Conduction Study in Korea
  Jae Hyun Lee, Eunkyung Kim, Hyung-Seok Shim, Min-Gu Kang, Keewon Kim, Sang Yoon Lee, Goo Joo Lee, Shi-Uk Lee, Jae-Young Lim, Sun Gun Chung, Byung-Mo Oh
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(4): 259.     CrossRef
• Reliability of submaximal stimulation for the train-of-four test using acceleromyography and electromyography with individualized stimulation currents
  Gi Year Lee, Sooyoung Cho, Hee Jung Baik, Jong Wha Lee, Jae Hee Woo, Hyun Jung Lee, Seung Hee Yoo
  Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing.2023; 37(2): 431.     CrossRef
• Short-term evaluation of motor and sensory nerve conduction parameters in COVID-19-associated peripheral neuropathy patients
  Mahmood D. Al-Mendalawi
  The Egyptian Journal of Bronchology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Nerve Conduction Differences in a Large Clinical Population: The Role of Age and Sex
  Shahar Shelly, Roni Ramon-Gonen, Pritikanta Paul, Christopher J. Klein, Eyal Klang, Nisim Rahman, Vera Nikitin, Merav Ben David, Amir Dori
  Journal of Neuromuscular Diseases.2023; 10(5): 925.     CrossRef
• Refined Diagnostic Protocol for Diabetic Polyneuropathy: Paving the Way for Timely Detection
  Byung-Mo Oh
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2023; 47(4): 234.     CrossRef
• Relationship Between Clinical Outcomes and Nerve Conduction Studies Before and After Viral Infections in Healthy Individuals: Case Series
  Sarah H Al-Mazidi, Fawzia ALRouq, Areej S Alsabty, Abdullah Alhajlah, Asma AlYahya, Ahmed Alsabih, Reema Al-taweraqi, Abdullah S Alahmari, Lina Al-Dakhil, Syed Habib
  Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef

With rapid aging, the number of stroke survivors with disabilities in Korea is increasing even if mortality is declining. Despite coordinated efforts for quality improvement of stroke rehabilitation in Korea, the statistics of stroke rehabilitation were not well reported. This review aimed to provide contemporary and comprehensive statistics and recent changes in stroke rehabilitation in Korea. The Clinical Practice Guideline for Stroke Rehabilitation in Korea was developed in 2009 and updated in 2012 and 2016. Additionally, the representative databases for stroke rehabilitation include the Korean Brain Rehabilitation Database and the Korean Stroke Cohort for functioning and rehabilitation. These nationwide databases provided current information on stroke rehabilitation. Among Korean stroke survivors, one in three had motor impairment, one in four had cognitive impairment, one in three had speech impairment, one in four was dependent in ambulation, one in six had swallowing difficulty, and one in four was dependent in activities in daily living at 5 years after stroke. Comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation following transfer to the department of rehabilitation medicine significantly decreased stroke-related mortality and long-term disability. This review provides an improved understanding of stroke rehabilitation and guidance to implement timely, coordinated, evidence-based stroke rehabilitation services to relieve the socioeconomic burden of stroke.

Citations

• Elevated risk of end-stage kidney disease in stroke patients: A population-based observational study
  Sohyun Chun, Kyungdo Han, Bongseong Kim, Dagyeong Lee, In Young Cho, Hea Lim Choi, Jun Hee Park, Junseok Jeon, Hye Ryoun Jang, Dong Wook Shin
  International Journal of Stroke.2025; 20(4): 461.     CrossRef
• Two stroke education programs designed for older adults
  Jeongha Sim, Chanam Shin
  Geriatric Nursing.2024; 55: 105.     CrossRef
• Changes in dementia treatment patterns associated with changes in the National Policy in South Korea among patients with newly diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease between 2011 and 2017: results from the multicenter, retrospective CAPTAIN study
  Young Jin Kim, Ki-Youn So, Hyo Min Lee, Changtae Hahn, Seung-Hoon Song, Yong-Seok Lee, Sang Woo Kim, Heui Cheun Park, Jaehyung Ryu, Jung Seok Lee, Min Ju Kang, JinRan Kim, Yoona Lee, Jun Hong Lee
  BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Health-Related Quality of Life of Post-Stroke Patients in a Public Hospital
  Mijung Jang, Heedong Park, Miyoung Kim, Galam Kang, Hayan Shin, Donghyun Shin, KyooSang Kim
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Predictors of Burden for First-Ever Stroke Survivor’s Long-Term Caregivers: A Study of KOSCO
  Jin-Won Lee, Min Kyun Sohn, Jongmin Lee, Deog Young Kim, Yong-Il Shin, Gyung-Jae Oh, Yang-Soo Lee, Min Cheol Joo, So Young Lee, Junhee Han, Jeonghoon Ahn, Yun-Hee Kim, Min-Keun Song, Won Hyuk Chang
  Medicina.2024; 60(4): 559.     CrossRef
• Association between the Thickness or Area of the Temporal Muscle and Skeletal Muscle Mass in Bioimpedance Analysis
  Jee Myung Han, Du Hwan Kim, Byung Chan Lee
  Gerontology.2024; 70(8): 823.     CrossRef
• Association between Height and Functional Outcomes of Patients 6 Months after a Stroke: A Multicenter Prospective Observational Cohort Study
  Nae Yoon Kang, Sung-Hwa Ko, Yong-Il Shin, Ji Hong Min, Mi Sook Yun, Min Kyun Sohn, Jongmin Lee, Deog Young Kim, Gyung-Jae Oh, Yang Soo Lee, Min Cheol Joo, So Young Lee, Min-Keun Song, Junhee Han, Jeonghoon Ahn, Yun-Hee Kim, Won Hyuk Chang
  Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(6): 610.     CrossRef
• Impact of Interprofessional Collaborative Practice on Functional Improvements Among Post-Acute Stroke Survivors: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
  Tsen-Pei Chen, Ying-Jia Lin, Yu-Lin Wang, Li-Min Wu, Chung-Han Ho
  Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2024; Volume 17: 3945.     CrossRef
• Association Between Frequency of Rehabilitation Therapy and Long-Term Mortality After Stroke: A Nationwide Cohort Study
  Je Shik Nam, Seok-Jae Heo, Yong Wook Kim, Sang Chul Lee, Seung Nam Yang, Seo Yeon Yoon
  Stroke.2024; 55(9): 2274.     CrossRef
• Functional Recovery in Acute and Subacute Stroke Patients With or Without Post-stroke Fatigue
  Juwon Lee, Gowun Kim
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• The Safety and Efficacy of Balance Training on Stroke Patients With Reduced Balance Ability: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
  Yong Wook Kim, Seo Yeon Yoon
  Brain & Neurorehabilitation.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Discordance Between Spine-Hip and Paretic-Nonparetic Hip Bone Mineral Density in Hemiplegic Stroke Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
  Seung Don Yoo, Tae-Woo Kim, Byung-Mo Oh, Seung Ah Lee, Chanwoo Kim, Ho Yeon Chung, Jung Eun Son, Ji Yeon Lee, Hyunji Lee, Hoo Young Lee
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(6): 413.     CrossRef
• Geographic Distribution of Central Nervous System Rehabilitation Treatment in Korea and Its Associated Factors
  Dong-Gyun Sohn, Jaehong Yoon, Jun-Soo Ro, Ja-Ho Leigh
  Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Response to Letter to the Editor on “Chronic Phase Survival Rate in Stroke Patients With Severe Functional Limitations According to the Frequency of Rehabilitation Treatment”
  Dougho Park, Hyoung Seop Kim
  Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2023; 104(7): 1157.     CrossRef
• Over- and under-supply of inpatient rehabilitation after stroke without a post-acute rehabilitation system: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
  Suk Won Bae, Junhyun Kwon, Hyung-Ik Shin
  Frontiers in Neurology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Poststroke rehabilitation using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation during pregnancy: A case report
  Joongho JO, Hyojong KIM
  World Journal of Clinical Cases.2023; 11(19): 4707.     CrossRef
• Predictors of quality of life at 6 months in patients with mild stroke: A prospective observational cohort study
  Mu Su Kim, Ji Hong Min, Yong-Il Shin, Min Kyun Sohn, Jongmin Lee, Deog Young Kim, Gyung-Jae Oh, Yang Soo Lee, Min Cheol Joo, So Young Lee, Min-Keun Song, Junhee Han, Jeonghoon Ahn, Yun-Hee Kim, Sung-Hwa Ko, Won Hyuk Chang
  Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases.2023; 32(10): 107302.     CrossRef
• Risk Factors and Prognosis of Stroke in Gynecologic Cancer Patients
  Ji Young Kwon, Kena Park, Jeong Min Song, Seung Yeon Pyeon, Seon Hwa Lee, Young Shin Chung, Jong-Min Lee
  Cancers.2023; 15(19): 4895.     CrossRef
• A Comparative Analysis of Functional Status and Mobility in Stroke Patients with and without Aphasia
  Zbigniew Guzek, Wioletta Dziubek, Małgorzata Stefańska, Joanna Kowalska
  Journal of Clinical Medicine.2022; 11(12): 3478.     CrossRef
• Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A (NABOTA) for Post-stroke Upper Extremity Spasticity: A Multicenter Phase IV Trial
  Wonjae Hwang, Seong Min Kang, Sang Yoon Lee, Han Gil Seo, Yoon Ghil Park, Bum Sun Kwon, Kwang Jae Lee, Deog Young Kim, Hyoung Seop Kim, Shi-Uk Lee
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2022; 46(4): 163.     CrossRef

Objective
To examine the changes in the cross-sectional area (CSA) ratio of the ankle invertors and evertors following rigid foot orthosis (RFO) application in children with symptomatic flexible flatfoot and to determine the correlation between the degree of change in CSA ratio and pain-severity after RFO application.
Methods
We included 24 children with symptomatic flexible flatfoot without comorbidities and measured the CSAs of tibialis anterior (TA), tibialis posterior (TP), and peroneus longus (PL) using ultrasonography, resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP) angle, calcaneal pitch (CP), Meary’s angle, talonavicular coverage angle, and talocalcaneal angle using radiography, and foot function index (FFI) at baseline and 12 months after RFO application. We analyzed 48 data by measuring both feet of 24 children. The CSA ratios, the ratio of CSA of each muscle to the sum of CSA of TA, TP, and PL, were also compared. Correlations between the degree of change in FFI, each muscle’s CSA ratio, RCSP angle, and radiographic measurements were investigated.
Results
Following RFO application, significant increase in the PL ratio and CP and significant decrease in the RCSP angle, FFI total, pain, and disability scores were observed. The degree of change in the total score, pain, and disability score of FFI were significantly correlated with the degree of change in the PL ratio and RCSP angle.
Conclusion
RFOs applied to children with symptomatic flexible flatfoot might reduce the compensatory activities of the ankle invertors, thereby increasing the PL ratio, and pain decreases as the PL ratio increases.

Citations

• The effects of foot orthoses on radiological parameters and pain in children with flexible flat feet: a systematic review and meta-analysis
  Chao Liu, HongHao Zhang, JianPing Li, ShiJia Li, GuQiang Li, XiangZhan Jiang
  Frontiers in Pediatrics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
• Change in Plantar Pressure and Plain Radiography in Pediatric Flexible Flatfoot: A Retrospective Cohort Study
  Sungjoon Kim, Yong Gyun Kim, Jun Yup Kim, Si-Bog Park, Kyu Hoon Lee
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2024; 48(5): 352.     CrossRef
• Evaluation of the Effect of Kinesio Taping on the Plantar Arch Index of Children with Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy
  Amin Rezaei, Seyed Sirvan Hosseini, Shahryar Khosravi, Mohammadreza Kosarimoghadam, Behnam Amirpour Najafabadi, Mohammad Karim Golnari
  Journal of Advances in Medical and Biomedical Research.2023; 31(144): 25.     CrossRef
• The resting calcaneal stance position (RCSP): an old dog, with new tricks
  Carlos Martinez-Sebastian, Gabriel Gijon-Nogueron, Laura Ramos-Petersen, Cristina Molina-Garcia, Rubén Sánchez-Gómez, Angela M. Evans
  European Journal of Pediatrics.2023; 183(3): 1287.     CrossRef
• Monitoring the Role of Physical Activity in Children with Flat Feet by Assessing Subtalar Flexibility and Plantar Arch Index
  Ligia Rusu, Mihnea Ion Marin, Michi Mihail Geambesa, Mihai Robert Rusu
  Children.2022; 9(3): 427.     CrossRef
• Relation of Flatfoot Severity with Flexibility and Isometric Strength of the Foot and Trunk Extensors in Children
  Min Hwan Kim, Sangha Cha, Jae Eun Choi, Minsoo Jeon, Ja Young Choi, Shin-Seung Yang
  Children.2022; 10(1): 19.     CrossRef
• Biomechanical Evidence From Ultrasonography Supports Rigid Foot Orthoses in Children With Flatfoot
  Joon-Ho Shin
  Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine.2021; 45(6): 411.     CrossRef