| Sang-Wook Oh | 2 Articles |
Objective
To review trends in bladder emptying methods over a 20-year period in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) by severity according to the American Spinal Injury Association impairment scale (AIS). Methods Medical records of patients with SCI from 1994 to 1998 (group 1) and from 2012 to 2016 (group 2) were retrospectively reviewed. We classified bladder emptying methods according to the International Spinal Cord dataset. We grouped patients with normal voiding, bladder reflex triggering, and bladder expression as those using voiding without catheter. Results A total of 667 patients were included in the analysis. The proportion of patients using voiding without catheter and intermittent catheterization decreased from 67.0% to 30.0% and increased from 26.8% to 54.8%, respectively. In patients with AIS-A and AIS-B, the proportion of patients with intermittent catheterization increased from 32.8% to 73.3%. In patients with AIS-D, the proportion of patients using voiding without catheter and intermittent catheterization decreased from 88.5% to 68.9% and increased from 11.5% to 26.8%, respectively. In group 2, among 111 patients with AIS-D using voiding without catheter at admission, 8 (7.2%) switched to intermittent catheterization at discharge due to decreased bladder volume, increased post-voiding residual urine, or incontinence. Conclusion Over the past 20 years, trends in bladder emptying methods in patients with SCI changed from voiding without catheter to intermittent catheterization in Korea. This was especially prominent in patients with AIS-A, AIS-B, and AIS-C. Even in patients with AIS-D, the use of intermittent catheterization at hospital discharge increased. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
Objective
To translate the Stroke Rehabilitation Motivation Scale (SRMS), developed to evaluate the motivation level of stroke patients during rehabilitation, into the Korean language and to verify the reliability and validity of the Korean version of SRMS (K-SRMS). Methods The K-SRMS was developed following a structured process that included translation, verification, compromise assessment, reverse translation, feedback, and final correction. K-SRMS reliability was evaluated by performing internal consistency and test–retest analyses. The reliability test was conducted in 50 stroke patients. Its validity was assessed by comparing the K-SRMS with the scale and performing exploratory factor analysis. The validity test was conducted in 102 stroke patients. Results The test–retest analysis showed good reliability, and the internal consistency of the K-SRMS was similar to that of the original version for all, except 4, items. Thus, these 4 items were excluded, and then the validity test was conducted. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrated that the K-SRMS score was significantly correlated with the BAS total score (Pearson r=0.207, p<0.05). In the exploratory factor analysis, K-SRMS items were categorized into 7 groups (factors), and factors 1 and 4 showed mutual concordance with K-SRMS subscales, including intrinsic motivation factors and amotivation, respectively. Conclusion The newly developed K-SRMS showed good reliability and validity. It could also be used as a tool to objectify the degree of motivation for rehabilitation among stroke patients in clinical care and research. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
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