| Ki Pi Yu | 5 Articles |
Objective
To evaluate the effects of electric cortical stimulation (ECS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor and cognitive function recovery and brain plasticity in focal traumatic brain injury (TBI) of rats model. Methods Forty rats were pre-trained to perform a single pellet reaching task (SPRT), rotarod test (RRT), and Y-maze test for 14 days, then a focal TBI was induced by a weight drop model on the motor cortex. All rats were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: anodal ECS (50 Hz and 194 μs) (ECS group), tDCS (0.1 mA, 50 Hz and 200 μs) (tDCS group), and no stimulation as a control group. Four-week stimulation, including rehabilitation, was started 3 days after the operation. SPRT, RRT, and Y-maze were measured from day 1 to day 28 after the TBI was induced. Histopathological and immunohistochemistry staining evaluations were performed at 4 weeks. Results SPRT was improved from day 7 to day 26 in ECS, and from day 8 to day 26 in tDCS compared to the control group (p<0.05). SPRT of ECS group was significantly improved on days 3, 8, 9, and 17 compared to the tDCS group. Y-maze was improved from day 8 to day 16 in ECS, and on days 6, 12, and 16 in the tDCS group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Y-maze of the ECS group was significantly improved on day 9 to day 15 compared to the tDCS group. The c-Fos protein expression was better in the ECS group and the tDCS group compared to the control group. Conclusion Electric stimulation in rats modified with a focal TBI is effective for motor recovery and brain plasticity. ECS induced faster behavioral and cognitive improvements compared to tDCS during the recovery period of rats with a focal TBI. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
To develop and test the validity and reliability of a new instrument for measuring the thigh-foot angle (TFA) for the patients with in-toeing and out-toeing gait. The new instrument (Thigh-Foot Supporter [TFS]) was developed by measuring the TFA during regular examination of the tibial torsional status. The study included 40 children who presented with in-toeing and out-toeing gaits. We took a picture of each case to measure photographic-TFA (P-TFA) in the proper position and to establish a criterion. Study participants were examined by three independent physicians (A, B, and C) who had one, three and ten years of experience in the field, respectively. Each examiner conducted a separate classical physical examination (CPE) of every participant using a gait goniometer followed by a TFA assessment of each pediatric patient with or without the TFS. Thirty minutes later, repeated in the same way was measured. Less experienced examiner A showed significant differences between the TFA values depending on whether TFS used (left p=0.003 and right p=0.008). However, experienced examiners B and C did not show significant differences. Using TFS, less experienced examiner A showed a high validity and all examiner's inter-test and the inter-personal reliabilities increased. TFS may increase validity and reliability in measuring tibial torsion in patients who has a rotational problem in lower extremities. It would be more useful in less experienced examiners. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
To investigate the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin A (HbA1c) and complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) in stroke patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A retrospective chart review was performed of stroke patients from January 2012 to December 2013. We reviewed 331 patients and included 200 in the analysis. We divided them into CRPS and non-CRPS groups and compared them by age, gender, stroke lesion, cause of stroke, duration of T2DM, HbA1c (%), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, affected shoulder flexor muscle strength, Fugl-Meyer Assessment score, motricity index, Functional Independence Measure, Korean version of Modified Barthel Index, blood glucose level on admission day, duration from stroke onset to HbA1c check, and duration from stroke onset to three-phase bone scan for CRPS diagnosis. Thereafter, we classified the patients into five groups by HbA1c level (group 1, 5.0%–5.9%; group 2, 6.0%–6.9%; group 3, 7.0%–7.9%; group 4, 8.0%–8.9%; and group 5, 9.0%–9.9%) and we investigated the difference in CRPS prevalence between the two groups. Of the 200 patients, 108 were in the CRPS group and 92 were in the non-CRPS group. There were significant differences in HbA1c (p<0.05) between the two groups but no significant differences in any other factors. Across the five HbA1c groups, there were significant differences in CRPS prevalence (p<0.01); specifically, it increased as HbA1c increased. This study suggests that higher HbA1c relates to higher CRPS prevalence and thus that uncontrolled blood glucose can affect CRPS occurrence in stroke patients with diabetes. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
In the present report, we describe a case of long-term follow-up esophageal stricture occurring in a patient with nasogastric tube use. A 63-year-old man who had experienced dislocation of the 6th and 7th cervical vertebrae as the result of an external injury received treatment at another hospital and was admitted to the rehabilitation department of our hospital. After he exhibited normal swallowing in a videofluoroscopic swallowing test, the nasogastric tube was removed and oral feeding with a dysphagia diet was initiated. However, during oral feeding, the patient complained of swallowing difficulties in his lower throat. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed to examine the lesions below the pharynx and a 2-mm stricture was observed. A balloon dilatation was performed for a total of 9 times to extend the stricture. After the procedure, the patient was able to easily swallow a normal diet through the esophagus and the vomiting symptoms disappeared. An esophagography showed that the diameter of the esophageal stricture was 11 mm.
To evaluate the effects of electric cortical stimulation in the experimentally induced focal traumatic brain injury (TBI) rat model on motor recovery and plasticity of the injured brain. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were pre-trained on a single pellet reaching task (SPRT) and on a Rotarod task (RRT) for 14 days. Then, the TBI model was induced by a weight drop device (40 g in weight, 25 cm in height) on the dominant motor cortex, and the electrode was implanted over the perilesional cortical surface. All rats were divided into two groups as follows: Electrical stimulation (ES) group with anodal continuous stimulation (50 Hz and 194 µs duration) or Sham-operated control (SOC) group with no electrical stimulation. The rats were trained SPRT and RRT for 14 days for rehabilitation and measured Garcia's neurologic examination. Histopathological and immunostaining evaluations were performed after the experiment. There were no differences in the slice number in the histological analysis. Garcia's neurologic scores & SPRT were significantly increased in the ES group (p<0.05), yet, there was no difference in RRT in both groups. The ES group showed more expression of c-Fos around the brain injured area than the SOC group. Electric cortical stimulation with rehabilitation is considered to be one of the trial methods for motor recovery in TBI. However, more studies should be conducted for the TBI model in order to establish better stimulation methods. Citations Citations to this article as recorded by
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